Growth of CdS nanowire crystals: Vapor–liquid–solid versus vapor–solid mechanisms

The difference in the growth conditions, crystalline structure and morphology of CdS nanowire crystals synthesized via the vapor–solid (VS) mechanism on bare substrates and via the vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) mechanism using gold catalyst, respectively, has been studied. It has been found that the grow...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Surface & coatings technology 2013-09, Vol.230, p.234-238
Main Authors: Grynko, D.A., Fedoryak, A.N., Dimitriev, O.P., Lin, A., Laghumavarapu, R.B., Huffaker, D.L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cadmium sulfides
CdS
Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science
rheology
Crystal structure
Crystallography
Crystals
Exact sciences and technology
Growth mechanism
Materials science
Morphology
Nanowire crystal
Nanowires
Nucleation
Orientation
Physics
Planes
Stoichiometry
Surface treatments
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Summary:The difference in the growth conditions, crystalline structure and morphology of CdS nanowire crystals synthesized via the vapor–solid (VS) mechanism on bare substrates and via the vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) mechanism using gold catalyst, respectively, has been studied. It has been found that the growth of CdS nanowire crystals by the VS mechanism depends on the substrate material used and that the roughness of the substrate surface is also an important parameter influencing nucleation of CdS nanowires. The crystals obtained by VLS demonstrated perfect crystal plane orientation and the wurtzite crystallographic symmetry, whereas the crystals obtained by VS mechanism showed transition regions with more rich morphology resulting in changes of the crystalline plane orientation of the growing nanowire, as well as inhomogeneous stoichiometry along the crystal. The rich morphology was attributed to the competition of nucleation rates and growth rates among different crystallographic planes which may be affected by changes in temperature regimes of the growing zone. •Nanowire CdS crystals have been grown by vapor–solid and vapor–liquid–solid mechanisms.•Crystal morphology and stoichiometry varied strongly in vapor–solid growth mechanism.•Nanowire crystal growth via vapor–solid mechanism was explained by self-catalytic process.
ISSN:0257-8972
1879-3347
DOI:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2013.06.058