Forecasting Psychosis by Event-Related Potentials—Systematic Review and Specific Meta-Analysis

Abstract Background Prediction and prevention of psychosis have become major research topics. Clinical approaches warrant objective biological parameters to enhance validity in prediction of psychosis onset. In this regard, event-related potentials (ERPs) have been identified as promising tools for...

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Published in:Biological psychiatry (1969) 2015-06, Vol.77 (11), p.951-958
Main Authors: Bodatsch, Mitja, Brockhaus-Dumke, Anke, Klosterkötter, Joachim, Ruhrmann, Stephan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Brain Waves - physiology
Electroencephalography
Evoked Potentials - physiology
Humans
MEDLINE - statistics & numerical data
Meta-analysis
Mismatch negativity (MMN)
P300
Prediction
Prodrome
Psychiatry
Psychosis
Psychotic Disorders - diagnosis
Psychotic Disorders - physiopathology
Sensory gating
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Summary:Abstract Background Prediction and prevention of psychosis have become major research topics. Clinical approaches warrant objective biological parameters to enhance validity in prediction of psychosis onset. In this regard, event-related potentials (ERPs) have been identified as promising tools for improving psychosis prediction. Methods Herein, the focus is on sensory gating, mismatch negativity (MMN) and P300, thereby discussing which parameters allow for a timely and valid detection of future converters to psychosis. In a first step, we systematically reviewed the studies that resulted from a search of the MEDLINE database. In a second step, we performed a meta-analysis of those investigations reporting transitions that statistically compared ERPs in converting versus nonconverting subjects. Results Sensory gating, MMN, and P300 have been demonstrated to be impaired in subjects clinically at risk of developing a psychotic disorder. In the meta-analysis, duration MMN achieved the highest effect size measures. Conclusions In summary, MMN studies have produced the most convincing results until now, including independent replication of the predictive validity. However, a synopsis of the literature revealed a relative paucity of ERP studies addressing the psychosis risk state. Considering the high clinical relevance of valid psychosis prediction, future research should question for the most informative paradigms and should allow for meta-analytic evaluation with regard to specificity and sensitivity of the most appropriate parameters.
ISSN:0006-3223
1873-2402
DOI:10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.09.025