Investigation on mid-latitude stations to storm-time variations of GPS-TEC

•We study the storm time TEC variation at four mid latitudes in both hemispheres.•TEC variation reveals a clear hemispheric and seasonal asymmetries during storm events.•TEC variation also reveals latitudinal dependence within the mid-latitude region.•Different mechanisms have been used to explain o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Advances in space research 2015-03, Vol.55 (5), p.1339-1348
Main Authors:	Adebiyi, S.J., Adimula, I.A., Oladipo, O.A.
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Analogies Asymmetry Deviation Global Positioning System Hemisphere Hemispheres Ionospherics Mid-latitude Satellite navigation systems Season Stations Storm Storms TEC
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Summary:	•We study the storm time TEC variation at four mid latitudes in both hemispheres.•TEC variation reveals a clear hemispheric and seasonal asymmetries during storm events.•TEC variation also reveals latitudinal dependence within the mid-latitude region.•Different mechanisms have been used to explain our observations. The ionospheric response to some selected storm events, occurring at different seasons, was studied using the Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements obtained from the International GNSS Service (IGS) receivers located at four mid-latitude stations comprising the northern and southern hemispheres. The inter-hemispheric comparison of the total electron content (TEC) variation during these solar events reveals clear hemispheric and seasonal asymmetries. Generally, the TEC deviation, relative to the reference quiet time averaged values, reveals strong latitudinal dependence within the mid-latitude region. The trend in the variation of TEC over the two stations in the northern hemisphere is similar, whereas some similarities/differences are generally observed over the two southern stations. We suggested that in evaluating the storm-time TEC variation over the mid-latitude, it is essential to differentiate precisely between the global, regional and local characteristics. Mechanisms considered to be responsible for the ionospheric behaviours during these storm events are also discussed.
ISSN:	0273-1177 1879-1948