Experimental investigation of performance and regulated emissions of a diesel engine with Calophyllum inophyllum biodiesel blends accompanied by oxidation inhibitors

•Calophyllum inophyllum biodiesel blends were evaluated using antioxidants.•Blend fuel properties met the ASTM D7467 specification.•Usage of antioxidants provided good stabilization with improved BP and BSFC.•Treated blends showed lower NOx but higher CO and HC compared to untreated blend. Biodiesel...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Energy conversion and management 2014-07, Vol.83, p.232-240
Main Authors:	Rizwanul Fattah, I.M., Masjuki, H.H., Kalam, M.A., Wakil, M.A., Ashraful, A.M., Shahir, S.A.
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Antioxidant Antioxidants Applied sciences Biodiesel Blends Calophyllum inophyllum Calophyllum inophyllum biodiesel Diesel engines Diesel–biodiesel blend Emission Energy Energy. Thermal use of fuels Engines and turbines Equipments for energy generation and conversion: thermal, electrical, mechanical energy, etc Exact sciences and technology Inhibitors Oxidation Stability
Online Access:	Get full text
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

Description
Summary:	•Calophyllum inophyllum biodiesel blends were evaluated using antioxidants.•Blend fuel properties met the ASTM D7467 specification.•Usage of antioxidants provided good stabilization with improved BP and BSFC.•Treated blends showed lower NOx but higher CO and HC compared to untreated blend. Biodiesel having higher unsaturation possesses lower oxidation stability, which needs treatment of oxidation inhibitors or antioxidants. It is expected that antioxidants may affect the clean burning characteristic of biodiesel. Calophyllum inophyllum Linn oil is one of the promising non-edible based feedstock which consists of mostly unsaturated fatty acids. This paper presents an experimental investigation of the antioxidant addition effect on engine performance and emission characteristics. Biodiesel (CIBD) was produced by one step esterification using sulfuric acid (H2SO4) as catalyst and one step transesterification using potassium hydroxide (KOH) as a catalyst. Two monophenolic, 2(3)-tert-Butyl-4-methoxyphenol (BHA) and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT) and one diphenolic, 2-tert-butylbenzene-1,4-diol (TBHQ) were added at 2000ppm concentration to 20% CIBD (CIB20). The addition of antioxidants increased oxidation stability without causing any significant negative effect of physicochemical properties. TBHQ showed the greatest capability in increasing stability of CIB20. The tests were carried out using a 55kW 2.5L four-cylinder diesel engine at constant load varying speed condition. The performance results indicate that CIB20 showed 1.36% lower mean brake power (BP) and 4.90% higher mean brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) compared to diesel. The addition of antioxidants increased BP and reduced BSFC slightly. Emission results show that CIB20 increased NOx but decreased CO and HC emission. Antioxidants reduced 1.6–3.6% NOx emission, but increased both CO and HC emission compared to CIB20. However, the level was below the diesel emission level. Thus CIB20 blends with antioxidants can be used in diesel engines without any modification.
ISSN:	0196-8904 1879-2227