New insights into the characterization of Colletotrichum species associated with apple diseases in southern Brazil and Uruguay

Colletotrichum species are associated with Apple bitter rot (ABR) and Glomerella leaf spot (GLS). Whereas both apple diseases occur frequently in Brazil, only the former has been reported in Uruguay. This work was aimed at identifying and comparing morpho-cultural characteristics and pathogenic vari...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Fungal biology 2015-04, Vol.119 (4), p.229-244
Main Authors: Velho, Aline Cristina, Alaniz, Sandra, Casanova, Leticia, Mondino, Pedro, Stadnik, Marciel J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Apple bitter rot
Brazil
Cluster Analysis
Colletotrichum - classification
Colletotrichum - cytology
Colletotrichum - genetics
Colletotrichum - isolation & purification
Colletotrichum spp
DNA, Ribosomal Spacer - chemistry
DNA, Ribosomal Spacer - genetics
Glomerella leaf spot
Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (Phosphorylating) - genetics
Malus - microbiology
Molecular Sequence Data
Morphology
Mycelium - cytology
Pathogenicity
Phylogeny
Plant Diseases - microbiology
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Spores, Fungal - cytology
Tubulin - genetics
Uruguay
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Colletotrichum species are associated with Apple bitter rot (ABR) and Glomerella leaf spot (GLS). Whereas both apple diseases occur frequently in Brazil, only the former has been reported in Uruguay. This work was aimed at identifying and comparing morpho-cultural characteristics and pathogenic variability of thirty-nine Colletotrichum isolates from both countries. Sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), and β-tubulin (TUB2) allowed the identification of three species causing ABR and GLS in Brazil, i.e., Colletotrichum fructicola, Colletotrichum karstii, and Colletotrichum nymphaeae; and three species causing ABR in Uruguay, i.e., C. fructicola, Colletotrichum theobromicola, and Colletotrichum melonis. Six groups of colony colours were recorded with group 1 (mycelium white to pink and in reverse pinkish) and group 2 (mycelium white to grey and in reverse pinkish) the most frequent. Isolates of C. fructicola and C. theobromicola were sensitive to benomyl, while C. karstii, C. nymphaeae, and C. melonis were resistant. Conidia were predominantly cylindrical for C. fructicola and C. karstii, fusiform for C. nymphaeae and C. melonis, and obclavate for C. theobromicola. Brazilian isolates caused ABR in wounded fruits, but only five in non-wounded ones. Uruguayan isolates produced symptoms in fruits with or without previous wounding. All Brazilian isolates from GLS and twelve from ABR were able to cause GLS symptoms, while a sole Uruguayan ABR-isolate caused leaf spot symptoms. This study gives a better insight on the new species causing apple disease in both countries and discusses their pathogenic potential. •Five different species causing Apple bitter rot (ABR) and Glomerella leaf spot (GLS) were identified.•Brazilian and Uruguayan Colletotrichum isolates were grouped into three different species complexes.•C. fructicola was the most frequent species in apple orchards in both countries.•Differences in organ-specific specialization were found for Colletotrichum isolates.•One Uruguayan ABR-isolate confirmed its ability to cause GLS.
ISSN:1878-6146
1878-6162
DOI:10.1016/j.funbio.2014.12.009