An Assessment of the Pharmacokinetics of a Sustained-release Formulation of a Tramadol/Acetaminophen Combination in Healthy Subjects

Abstract Purpose To provide consistent pain relief and improve convenient sustained release (SR), a fixed-dose combination tramadol/acetaminophen tablet was formulated. This study aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetic profiles of an SR 75-mg tramadol/650-mg acetaminophen formulation after a single d...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical therapeutics 2015-02, Vol.37 (2), p.376-389
Main Authors: Im, Yong-Jin, MS, Jeon, Ji-Young, MS, Kim, Eun-Young, MS, Kim, Yunjeong, PhD, Oh, Dong-Joon, MS, Yoo, Ji-Seok, MS, Shin, Dae-Hee, PhD, Chae, Soo-Wan, MD, PhD, Kim, Min-Gul, MD, PhD
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
acetaminophen
Acetaminophen - administration & dosage
Acetaminophen - pharmacokinetics
Adult
Analgesics
Analgesics, Non-Narcotic - administration & dosage
Analgesics, Non-Narcotic - pharmacokinetics
Analgesics, Opioid - administration & dosage
Analgesics, Opioid - pharmacokinetics
Antigens
Biomedical research
Blood pressure
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical
Cross-Over Studies
Delayed-Action Preparations - administration & dosage
Delayed-Action Preparations - pharmacokinetics
Drug Combinations
Drug dosages
Drug therapy
Food
food effect
Healthy Volunteers
Hepatitis
Humans
Internal Medicine
Male
Medical Education
Middle Aged
Nervous system
Pain management
pharmacokinetics
sustained release
Tablets
tramadol
Tramadol - administration & dosage
Tramadol - analogs & derivatives
Tramadol - pharmacokinetics
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Summary:Abstract Purpose To provide consistent pain relief and improve convenient sustained release (SR), a fixed-dose combination tramadol/acetaminophen tablet was formulated. This study aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetic profiles of an SR 75-mg tramadol/650-mg acetaminophen formulation after a single dose compared with an immediate release (IR) 37.5-mg tramadol/325-mg acetaminophen formulation after 2 doses and at steady state and to assess the effect of food on the pharmacokinetic SR formulation profile after a single dose. Methods Two clinical trials were conducted: (1) an open-label, randomized, 3-period, 3-treatment, crossover study to assess the pharmacokinetic SR (one 75-mg tramadol/650-mg acetaminophen combination tablet) formulation profiles after a single dose and IR (one 37.5-mg tramadol/325-mg acetaminophen combination tablet q6h for 2 doses) formulation profiles after 2 doses and the effect of food intake on healthy male subjects and (2) an open, randomized, 2-period, 2-treatment multiple dose crossover study to evaluate the steady-state pharmacokinetic SR and IR formulation profiles. Safety assessments were performed. Findings Forty-three subjects completed each study protocol. The SR combination tramadol/acetaminophen formulation was clinically and statistically equivalent to the IR combination formulation in the fasting state. When tramadol and acetaminophen tablets were administered with food, the time to peak plasma concentrations and the tramadol/acetaminophen absorption were unaffected. There was no serious adverse event reported. Implications The SR combination tramadol/acetaminophen tablet exhibited similar exposure and absorption rates compared with those of the IR formulation of tramadol, O-desmethyltramadol, and acetaminophen. The SR formulation may be more convenient for patients and has the potential to enhance compliance and pain control. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01880125
ISSN:0149-2918
1879-114X
DOI:10.1016/j.clinthera.2014.12.007