Cohesin and Its Regulation: On the Logic of X-Shaped Chromosomes

The X shape of chromosomes is one of the iconic images in biology. Cohesin actually connects the sister chromatids along their entire length, from S phase until mitosis. Then, cohesin’s antagonist Wapl allows the separation of chromosome arms by opening a DNA exit gate in cohesin rings. Centromeres...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Developmental cell 2014-10, Vol.31 (1), p.7-18
Main Authors: Haarhuis, Judith H.I., Elbatsh, Ahmed M.O., Rowland, Benjamin D.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Cell Cycle Proteins - genetics
Cell Cycle Proteins - metabolism
Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone - genetics
Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone - metabolism
Chromosome Structures - genetics
Chromosome Structures - metabolism
Cohesins
Humans
Mitosis
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:The X shape of chromosomes is one of the iconic images in biology. Cohesin actually connects the sister chromatids along their entire length, from S phase until mitosis. Then, cohesin’s antagonist Wapl allows the separation of chromosome arms by opening a DNA exit gate in cohesin rings. Centromeres are protected against this removal activity, resulting in the X shape of mitotic chromosomes. The destruction of the remaining centromeric cohesin by Separase triggers chromosome segregation. We review the two-phase regulation of cohesin removal and discuss how this affects chromosome alignment and decatenation in mitosis and cohesin reloading in the next cell cycle.
ISSN:1534-5807
1878-1551
DOI:10.1016/j.devcel.2014.09.010