Tracheobronchial Foreign Bodies in Children: Imaging Assessment

Tracheobronchial foreign-body aspiration is a relatively frequent pediatric emergency and a cause of substantial morbidity and mortality especially in preschool children. Although foreign-body aspiration may cause sudden airway obstruction and subsequent death, quite often symptoms are mild and nons...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Seminars in ultrasound, CT, and MRI CT, and MRI, 2015-02, Vol.36 (1), p.8-20
Main Authors: Hegde, Shilpa V., MD, Hui, Peter K.T., MBBS, FRCR, Lee, Edward Y., MD, MPH
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Airway Obstruction - diagnostic imaging
Airway Obstruction - etiology
Bronchi - injuries
Bronchography - methods
Child
Child, Preschool
Early Diagnosis
Emergency Medical Services - methods
Female
Foreign Bodies - complications
Foreign Bodies - diagnostic imaging
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Male
Radiology
Respiratory Aspiration - complications
Respiratory Aspiration - diagnostic imaging
Tomography, X-Ray Computed - methods
Trachea - diagnostic imaging
Trachea - injuries
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Summary:Tracheobronchial foreign-body aspiration is a relatively frequent pediatric emergency and a cause of substantial morbidity and mortality especially in preschool children. Although foreign-body aspiration may cause sudden airway obstruction and subsequent death, quite often symptoms are mild and nonspecific; therefore, the correct diagnosis may be delayed particularly in the pediatric population. A delay in diagnosis increases the rate of complications and can cause substantial morbidity. Early and accurate diagnosis combined with intervention through foreign-body retrieval is critical for proper patient management. For evaluation of both radiopaque and non-radiopaque airway foreign bodies in pediatric patients, imaging plays an important role in initial detection and follow-up evaluation. In this article, we discuss the currently available imaging modalities and techniques for evaluating tracheobronchial foreign bodies in infants and children. Imaging findings of various tracheobronchial foreign bodies and mimics of foreign bodies are also discussed. In addition, information regarding management of tracheobronchial foreign-body aspiration is included.
ISSN:0887-2171
1558-5034
DOI:10.1053/j.sult.2014.10.001