Endophytic bacteria: Prospects and applications for the phytoremediation of organic pollutants

•Plant–endophyte partnership is promising approach to remediate contaminated soil.•Endophytic bacteria can enhance phytoremediation of organic pollutants.•Endophytic bacteria diminish toxicity and evapotranspiration of organic pollutants.•It protects the food chain by decreasing agrochemical residue...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Chemosphere (Oxford) 2014-12, Vol.117, p.232-242
Main Authors: Afzal, Muhammad, Khan, Qaiser M., Sessitsch, Angela
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
Bacteria - genetics
Bacteria - metabolism
Biodegradation, Environmental
Biological and medical sciences
Biotechnology
Endophytes - genetics
Endophytes - metabolism
Endophytic bacteria
Environment and pollution
Environmental Pollutants - metabolism
Environmental Restoration and Remediation
Exact sciences and technology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gene abundance
Gene expression
Global environmental pollution
Industrial applications and implications. Economical aspects
Miscellaneous
Organic pollutants
Phytoremediation
Plants - metabolism
Plants - microbiology
Pollution
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Summary:•Plant–endophyte partnership is promising approach to remediate contaminated soil.•Endophytic bacteria can enhance phytoremediation of organic pollutants.•Endophytic bacteria diminish toxicity and evapotranspiration of organic pollutants.•It protects the food chain by decreasing agrochemical residues in food crops. Recently, there has been an increased effort to enhance the efficacy of phytoremediation of contaminated environments by exploiting plant–microbe interactions. The combined use of plants and endophytic bacteria is an emerging approach for the clean-up of soil and water polluted with organic compounds. In plant–endophyte partnerships, plants provide the habitat as well as nutrients to their associated endophytic bacteria. In response, endophytic bacteria with appropriate degradation pathways and metabolic activities enhance degradation of organic pollutants, and diminish phytotoxicity and evapotranspiration of organic pollutants. Moreover, endophytic bacteria possessing plant growth-promoting activities enhance the plant’s adaptation and growth in soil and water contaminated with organic pollutants. Overall, the application of endophytic bacteria gives new insights into novel protocols to improve phytoremediation efficiency. However, successful application of plant–endophyte partnerships for the clean-up of an environment contaminated with organic compounds depends on the abundance and activity of the degrading endophyte in different plant compartments. Although many endophytic bacteria have the potential to degrade organic pollutants and improve plant growth, their contribution to enhance phytoremediation efficiency is still underestimated. A better knowledge of plant–endophyte interactions could be utilized to increase the remediation of polluted soil environments and to protect the foodstuff by decreasing agrochemical residues in food crops.
ISSN:0045-6535
1879-1298
DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.06.078