Involvement of TG‐interacting factor in microglial activation during experimental traumatic brain injury

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a complex injury involving several physiological alterations, potentially leading to neurological impairment. Previous mouse studies using high‐density oligonucleotide array analysis have confirmed the upregulation of transforming growth‐interacting factor (TGIF) mRNA...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of neurochemistry 2014-12, Vol.131 (6), p.816-824
Main Authors: Chio, Chung‐Ching, Chang, Ching‐Ping, Lin, Mao‐Tsun, Su, Fang‐Cheng, Yang, Chung‐Zhing, Tseng, Hong‐Yu, Liu, Zi‐Miao, Huang, Huei‐Sheng
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Brain damage
Brain Injuries - drug therapy
Brain Injuries - metabolism
Cerebral Cortex - metabolism
Cerebral Cortex - pathology
Disease Models, Animal
Down-Regulation
Gene Knockdown Techniques - methods
Male
Microglia - metabolism
microglial activation
Motor ability
Neurochemistry
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Rodents
Signal Transduction - physiology
TG‐interacting factor
Transcriptional Activation - physiology
Transforming Growth Factor beta - antagonists & inhibitors
Transforming Growth Factor beta - genetics
Transforming Growth Factor beta - metabolism
traumatic brain injury
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Summary:Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a complex injury involving several physiological alterations, potentially leading to neurological impairment. Previous mouse studies using high‐density oligonucleotide array analysis have confirmed the upregulation of transforming growth‐interacting factor (TGIF) mRNA in TBI. TGIF is a transcriptional corepressor of transforming growth factor beta (TGF‐β) signaling which plays a protective role in TBI. However, the functional roles of TGIF in TBI are not well understood. In this study, we used confocal microscopy after immunofluorescence staining to demonstrate the increase of TGIF levels in the activated microglia of the pericontusional cortex of rats with TBI. Intracerebral knockdown of TGIF in the pericontusional cortex significantly downregulated TGIF expression, attenuated microglial activation, reduced the volume of damaged brain tissue, and facilitated recovery of limb motor function. Collectively, our results indicate that TGIF is involved in TBI‐induced microglial activation, resulting in secondary brain injury and motor dysfunction. This study investigated the roles of transforming growth‐interacting factor (TGIF) in a traumatic brain injury (TBI)‐rat model. We demonstrated the increase of TGIF levels in the activated microglia of the pericontusional cortex of rats with TBI. Intracerebral knockdown of TGIF in the pericontusional cortex of the TBI rats significantly attenuated micoglial activation, reduced the volume of damaged brain tissue, and facilitated recovery of limb motor function. We suggest that inhibition of TGIF might provide a promising therapeutic strategy for TBI. This study investigated the roles of transforming growth‐interacting factor (TGIF) in a traumatic brain injury (TBI)‐rat model. We demonstrated the increase of TGIF levels in the activated microglia of the pericontusional cortex of rats with TBI. Intracerebral knockdown of TGIF in the pericontusional cortex of the TBI rats significantly attenuated micoglial activation, reduced the volume of damaged brain tissue, and facilitated recovery of limb motor function. We suggest that inhibition of TGIF might provide a promising therapeutic strategy for TBI.
ISSN:0022-3042
1471-4159
DOI:10.1111/jnc.12971