Stress-induced lipids are unsuitable as a direct biodiesel feedstock: A case study with Chlorella pyrenoidosa

•pH 8–10 (nitrate sufficient, indoor) yielded best lipid as a biodiesel feedstock.•C16:0, C18:1, C18:2 and C18:3 were found to be the major FAMEs.•Stress caused enhanced PUFA rich lipid accumulation.•Biodiesel fuel properties were determined using FAME profile.•Biodiesel fuel of stress-induced lipid...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Bioresource technology 2013-06, Vol.138, p.382-386
Main Authors: Shekh, Ajam Yakub, Shrivastava, Preeti, Krishnamurthi, Kannan, Mudliar, Sandeep N., Devi, Sivanesan Saravana, Kanade, Gajanan S., Lokhande, Satish K., Chakrabarti, Tapan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biodiesel
Biofuel production
Biofuels - analysis
Biological and medical sciences
Biomass
Biotechnology
Carbon Dioxide - pharmacology
Chlorella
Chlorella - drug effects
Chlorella - growth & development
Chlorella - metabolism
Chlorella pyrenoidosa
Energy
Esters - metabolism
Fatty acid methyl esters
Fatty Acids - metabolism
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Illumination
Indoor
Industrial applications and implications. Economical aspects
Lipids
Lipids - biosynthesis
Microalgae
Nitrate depletion
Nitrates
Productivity
Stress, Physiological - drug effects
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Summary:•pH 8–10 (nitrate sufficient, indoor) yielded best lipid as a biodiesel feedstock.•C16:0, C18:1, C18:2 and C18:3 were found to be the major FAMEs.•Stress caused enhanced PUFA rich lipid accumulation.•Biodiesel fuel properties were determined using FAME profile.•Biodiesel fuel of stress-induced lipid did not comply with worldwide standards. The effects of various stresses on the suitability of lipid synthesized by Chlorella pyrenoidosa for biodiesel production were investigated. Lipids were characterized for detailed fatty acid methyl ester profiling and biodiesel properties like cetane number (CN), iodine value, cold filter plugging point (CFPP). Maximum biomass productivity (106.63mgL−1d−1) and lipid content (29.68%) were obtained at indoor cultivation (nitrate sufficient, pH 8–10, 24h illumination). However, compared to this condition, other nitrate sufficient cultures [pH 6–8 and 10–12 (24h illumination), and at ambient CO2 and 16:8h light:dark photoperiod (pH unadjusted)] showed ∼12–14% lower lipid productivity. Upon 50% nitrate depletion (at indoor and outdoor; pH unadjusted) lipid content has increased by 7.62% and 17%, respectively. Though stress conditions helped enhancing lipid accumulation, there was two-fold increase in PUFA content compared to that observed at pH 8–10. This resulted in fuel properties which did not comply with the biodiesel standards.
ISSN:0960-8524
1873-2976
DOI:10.1016/j.biortech.2013.04.010