Application of passive sampling in assessing the occurrence and risk of antibiotics and endocrine disrupting chemicals in the Yangtze Estuary, China

•Sampling rate of the passive sampler was enhanced by water flow rate and salinity.•Field sampling rate was significantly higher than that in the laboratory.•Validation of passive samplers is best done with high resolution spot sampling.•12 Different antibiotics were frequently detected in the Yangt...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Chemosphere (Oxford) 2014-09, Vol.111, p.344-351
Main Authors: Shi, X., Zhou, J.L., Zhao, H., Hou, L., Yang, Y.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Animals
Anti-Bacterial Agents - analysis
Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemistry
Antibiotics
Applied ecology
Applied sciences
Biological and medical sciences
Brackish
China
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Disrupting
Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution
Endocrine disrupting chemicals
Endocrine Disruptors - analysis
Endocrine Disruptors - chemistry
Environmental Monitoring
Estuaries
Exact sciences and technology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Marine and brackish environment
Membranes, Artificial
Natural water pollution
Passive sampling
Pollutants
Pollution
Risk
Risk assessment
Rivers - chemistry
Salinity
Sampling
Seawaters, estuaries
Sonication
Specimen Handling - standards
Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Ultra high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis
Water Pollutants, Chemical - chemistry
Water treatment and pollution
Yangtze Estuary
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Summary:•Sampling rate of the passive sampler was enhanced by water flow rate and salinity.•Field sampling rate was significantly higher than that in the laboratory.•Validation of passive samplers is best done with high resolution spot sampling.•12 Different antibiotics were frequently detected in the Yangtze Estuary.•Some antibiotics may have caused medium damage to aquatic organisms. Polar organic chemical integrative sampler (POCIS) was used in assessing the occurrence and risk of 12 widely used antibiotics and 5 most potent endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the Yangtze Estuary, China. During laboratory validation, the kinetics of pollutant uptake by POCIS were linear, and the sampling rates of most compounds were raised by flow rate and salinity, reaching the highest values at salinity 14‰. The sampling rates varied with the target compounds with the EDCs showing the highest values (overall average=0.123Ld−1), followed by chloramphenicols (0.100Ld−1), macrolides (0.089Ld−1), and finally sulfonamides (0.056Ld−1). Validation in the Yangtze Estuary in 2013 showed that the field sampling rates were significantly greater for all compounds except bisphenol A, in comparison to laboratory results, and high-frequency spot sampling is critical for fully validating the passive sampler. The field studies show that antibiotics were widely detected in the Yangtze Estuary, with concentrations varying from below quantification to 1613ngL−1, suggesting their widespread use and persistence in estuarine waters. The dominating pollutants in July were sulfonamides with a total concentration of 258ngL−1 and in October were macrolides with a total concentration of 350ngL−1. The calculation of risk quotient suggested that sulfapyridine, sulfaquinoxaline and erythromycin-H2O may have caused medium damage to sensitive organisms such as fish.
ISSN:0045-6535
1879-1298
DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.03.139