Effects of olive mill wastewater on soil carbon and nitrogen cycling

This study investigated the cycling of C and N following application of olive mill wastewater (OMW) at various rates (0, 42, 84, and 168 m³/ha). OMW stimulated respiration rate throughout the study period, but an increase in soil organic matter was observed only at the highest rate. Soil phenol cont...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied microbiology and biotechnology 2014-03, Vol.98 (6), p.2739-2749
Main Authors: Tsiknia, Myrto, Tzanakakis, Vasileios A, Oikonomidis, Dimitris, Paranychianakis, Nikolaos V, Nikolaidis, Nikolaos P
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ammonia
Ammonium Compounds - analysis
Analysis
application rate
Archaea - enzymology
Archaea - genetics
Bacteria
Bacteria - enzymology
Bacteria - genetics
Biogeochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biotechnology
carbon
Carbon - analysis
Denitrification
DNA, Archaeal - analysis
DNA, Bacterial - analysis
Environmental Biotechnology
Enzymes
Food Handling - methods
Genes
Genetic aspects
Genetics
Hydraulics
Industrial Waste
land application
Life Sciences
Microbial Genetics and Genomics
Microbiology
Microorganisms
Mills
monophenol monooxygenase
Nitrates - analysis
nitrification
Nitrogen
Nitrogen - analysis
nitrogen content
Olea
Olea - chemistry
Olives
Organic chemicals
Oxidoreductases - genetics
Phenol
Phenol - analysis
Phenols
Physiological aspects
Purification
Reproduction
Residuals
Respiration
Sewage
Soil (material)
Soil - chemistry
soil organic matter
soil water
Soils
Studies
Waste water
Waste Water - chemistry
wastewater
water holding capacity
Water treatment
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Summary:This study investigated the cycling of C and N following application of olive mill wastewater (OMW) at various rates (0, 42, 84, and 168 m³/ha). OMW stimulated respiration rate throughout the study period, but an increase in soil organic matter was observed only at the highest rate. Soil phenol content decreased rapidly within 2 weeks following application but neither phenol oxidase and peroxidase activity nor laccase gene copies could explain this response. Soil NH₄ ⁺-N content increased in response to OMW application rate, while an opposite trend observed for NO₃ ⁻-N, which attributed to immobilization. This decrease was in accordance with amoA gene copies of archaeal and bacterial ammonia oxidizers in the first days following OMW application. Afterwards, although amoA gene copies and potential nitrification rates recovered to values similar to or higher than those in the non-treated soils, NO₃ ⁻-N content did not change among the treatments. A corresponding increase in denitrifying gene copies (nirK, nirS, nosZ) during that period indicates that denitrification, stimulated by OMW application rate, was responsible for this effect; a hypothesis consistent with the decrease in total Kjeldahl nitrogen content late in the season. The findings suggest that land application of OMW is a promising practice for OMW management, even at rates approaching the soil water holding capacity.
ISSN:0175-7598
1432-0614
DOI:10.1007/s00253-013-5272-4