Screening Trichoderma species for biological control activity against Phytophthora ramorum in soil

[Display omitted] •Trichoderma spp. were screened in vitro for antagonism towards Phytophthora ramorum.•Soil bioassays showed two isolates remediated soil infested with P. ramorum.•Potential to commercialize T. asperellum for biological control of P. ramorum. Despite efforts of eradication and sanit...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biological control 2014-12, Vol.79, p.43-48
Main Author: Widmer, Timothy L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
agar
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Applied ecology
Applied sciences
Biological and medical sciences
Biological control
Exact sciences and technology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
fungal antagonists
Fungal plant pathogens
fungicides
leaves
mating types
Mycoparasite
necrosis
pathogens
pesticide application
Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection
Phytophthora
Phytophthora ramorum
Pollution
sanitation
screening
soil
Soil remediation
Trichoderma
Trichoderma asperellum
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Summary:[Display omitted] •Trichoderma spp. were screened in vitro for antagonism towards Phytophthora ramorum.•Soil bioassays showed two isolates remediated soil infested with P. ramorum.•Potential to commercialize T. asperellum for biological control of P. ramorum. Despite efforts of eradication and sanitation, Phytophthora ramorum persists in the United States and abroad. Fungicides have limited effectiveness, but there are concerns that they may only inhibit pathogen growth and hasten resistance development after repeated fungicide applications. Biological control is an active control measure that can work continuously as long as the agent is alive and active. The goal of this study was to examine whether Trichoderma spp. have the potential as a biological control agent against P. ramorum. Sixteen Trichoderma spp. isolates were screened for mycoparasitism of P. ramorum in a dual culture assay. The different Trichoderma spp. isolates demonstrated variable mycoparasitic activities with some isolates showing no activity while others completely eliminated the pathogen after 4weeks. Seven isolates of T. asperellum were consistent among replicated trials in eliminating recovery of P. ramorum from the exposed agar plugs and preventing leaf disk necrosis. Further testing of six T. asperellum isolates against two different P. ramorum isolates (A1 and A2 mating types) resulted in the same high level of mycoparasitic activity. Soil assays involving P. ramorum-infested potting mix and selected Trichoderma spp. isolates demonstrated that two isolates (04-22 and 02-64) were consistent among the repetitions to eliminate P. ramorum propagules to non-detectable levels. Based on these results, specific T. asperellum isolates have the potential to remediate P. ramorum-infested soil and have the potential to be developed into a commercially-viable product.
ISSN:1049-9644
1090-2112
DOI:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2014.08.003