Genotoxicity assessment of vaccine adjuvant squalene

► Squalene has been used for various applications, especially in vaccine as adjuvant. ► This study demonstrated that squalene has no genotoxic potential in vitro. ► Squalene did not affect the CTL and CTI in vitro contrary to in vivo. ► Further in vivo studies are required to be sure on the effect....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Food and chemical toxicology 2013-06, Vol.56, p.240-246
Main Authors: Yüzbaşıoğlu, D., Ünal, F., Koç, F., Öztemel, S., Aksoy, H., Mamur, S., Demirtaş Korkmaz, F.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adjuvants, Immunologic - adverse effects
Adult
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
chromatids
Chromosomal aberrations
chromosome aberrations
Chromosome Aberrations - drug effects
Comet Assay
DNA Damage - drug effects
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Female
Genotoxic effects
genotoxicity
Humans
in vivo studies
lymphocytes
Lymphocytes - drug effects
Male
Medical sciences
Micronucleus
Micronucleus Tests
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Sister Chromatid Exchange - drug effects
Sister chromatid exchanges
Squalene
Squalene - adverse effects
Toxicology
vaccines
Young Adult
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Summary:► Squalene has been used for various applications, especially in vaccine as adjuvant. ► This study demonstrated that squalene has no genotoxic potential in vitro. ► Squalene did not affect the CTL and CTI in vitro contrary to in vivo. ► Further in vivo studies are required to be sure on the effect. The genotoxic potential of the vaccine adjuvant Squalene was assessed by the chromosomal aberrations (CAs), sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and micronucleus (MNs) tests in human lymphocytes and comet assay in both human and rat lymphocytes. Five different concentrations of squalene (1250–20,000μg/ml for human lymphocytes and 0.07–1.12mg/kg for rat lymphocytes) were studied. Squalene did not affect the CAs and MN frequency, in all treatments in vitro. A significant increase in SCEs was observed in almost all concentrations at 24h treatment. Squalene did not affect significantly the comet tail length (CTL) (except 2500μg/ml) and comet tail intensity (CTI) at all treatments in vitro. In rats, squalene significantly increased and decreased CTL and CTI in some doses. Although there are increasing and reduction in the effect, squalene cannot be regarded as genotoxic in human lymphocytes. However, further in vivo studies are required to be sure on the effect.
ISSN:0278-6915
1873-6351
DOI:10.1016/j.fct.2013.02.034