Metabolic actions of natriuretic peptides and therapeutic potential in the metabolic syndrome

Natriuretic peptides (NPs) are a group of peptide-hormones mainly secreted from the heart, signaling via c-GMP coupled receptors. NP are well known for their renal and cardiovascular actions, reducing arterial blood pressure as well as sodium reabsorption. Novel physiological functions have been dis...

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Published in:Pharmacology & therapeutics (Oxford) 2014-10, Vol.144 (1), p.12-27
Main Authors: SCHLUETER, Nina, DE STERKE, Anita, WILLMES, Diana M, SPRANGER, Joachim, JORDAN, Jens, BIRKENFELD, Andreas L
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Cyclic GMP - metabolism
Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance
Drug Design
Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases)
Endocrinopathies
Etiopathogenesis. Screening. Investigations. Target tissue resistance
Exercise - physiology
Humans
Hypertension - drug therapy
Hypertension - physiopathology
Insulin Resistance - physiology
Medical sciences
Metabolic diseases
Metabolic Syndrome - drug therapy
Metabolic Syndrome - physiopathology
Miscellaneous
Natriuretic Peptides - metabolism
Obesity
Obesity - drug therapy
Obesity - physiopathology
Other metabolic disorders
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Summary:Natriuretic peptides (NPs) are a group of peptide-hormones mainly secreted from the heart, signaling via c-GMP coupled receptors. NP are well known for their renal and cardiovascular actions, reducing arterial blood pressure as well as sodium reabsorption. Novel physiological functions have been discovered in recent years, including activation of lipolysis, lipid oxidation, and mitochondrial respiration. Together, these responses promote white adipose tissue browning, increase muscular oxidative capacity, particularly during physical exercise, and protect against diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. Exaggerated NP release is a common finding in congestive heart failure. In contrast, NP deficiency is observed in obesity and in type-2 diabetes, pointing to an involvement of NP in the pathophysiology of metabolic disease. Based upon these findings, the NP system holds the potential to be amenable to therapeutical intervention against pandemic diseases such as obesity, insulin resistance, and arterial hypertension. Various therapeutic approaches are currently under development. This paper reviews the current knowledge on the metabolic effects of the NP system and discusses potential therapeutic applications.
ISSN:0163-7258
1879-016X
DOI:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.04.007