Toxicity and oxidative stress of different forms of organic selenium and dietary protein in mallard ducklings

Concentrations of over 100 ppm (mg/kg) selenium (Se) have been found in aquatic plants and insects associated with irrigation drainwater and toxicity to fish and wildlife. Composition of diet for wild ducklings can vary in selenium-contaminated environments. Earlier studies have compared toxicities...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 1996-07, Vol.31 (1), p.120-127
Main Authors: Hoffman, D.J. (Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, MD.), Heinz, G.H, Lecaptain, L.J, Eisemann, J.D, Pendleton, G.W
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ACTIVIDAD ENZIMATICA
ACTIVITE ENZYMATIQUE
ANAS PLATYRHYNCHOS
Animal Feed
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Animals
Applied ecology
Aves
Biological and medical sciences
BLOOD
CANARD
COMPOSE ORGANIQUE
COMPUESTOS ORGANICOS
CONTAMINANTES
CONTAMINANTS
DIET
DIETA
Dietary Proteins - toxicity
DUCKS
Ducks - metabolism
Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution
Effects of pollution and side effects of pesticides on vertebrates
ENZYMIC ACTIVITY
FAUNE ET FLORE SAUVAGES
FOIE
Freshwater
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
GLUTATHION PEROXYDASE
GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE
GLUTATION PEROXIDASA
HIGADO
LIVER
Liver - drug effects
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Oxidative Stress - drug effects
PATO
POLLUANT
POLLUTANTS
Random Allocation
REGIME ALIMENTAIRE
SANG
SANGRE
SELENIO
SELENIUM
Selenium - toxicity
Selenomethionine - toxicity
SUPERVIVENCIA
SURVIE
SURVIVAL
TOXICIDAD
TOXICITE
TOXICITY
TOXICOLOGIA
TOXICOLOGIE
TOXICOLOGY
Triticum - metabolism
VIDA SILVESTRE
WILDLIFE
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Summary:Concentrations of over 100 ppm (mg/kg) selenium (Se) have been found in aquatic plants and insects associated with irrigation drainwater and toxicity to fish and wildlife. Composition of diet for wild ducklings can vary in selenium-contaminated environments. Earlier studies have compared toxicities and oxidative stress of Se as selenite to those of seleno-DL-methionine (DL) in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos). This study compares DL, seleno-L-methionine (L), selenized yeast (Y) and selenized wheat (W). Day-old mallard ducklings received an untreated diet (controls) containing 75% wheat (22% protein) or the same diet containing 15 or 30 ppm Se in the above forms except for 30 ppm Se as W. After 2 weeks, blood and liver samples were collected for biochemical assays and Se analysis. All forms of selenium caused significant increases in plasma and hepatic glutathione peroxidase activities. Se as L at 30 ppm in the diet was the most toxic form, resulting in high mortality (64%) and impaired growth (>50%) in survivors and the greatest increase in ratio of oxidized to reduced hepatic glutathione (GSH). Se as both L and DL decreased the concentrations of hepatic GSH and total thiols. Se as Y accumulated the least in liver (approximately 50% of other forms) and had less effect on GSH and total thiols. In a second experiment, in which the basal diet was a commercial duck feed (22% protein), survival was not affected by 30 ppm Se as DL, L, or Y and oxidative effects on GSH metabolism were less pronounced than with the wheat diet.
ISSN:0090-4341
1432-0703
DOI:10.1007/BF00203916