Lipid Trafficking in Plant Cells

Plant cells contain unique organelles such as chloroplasts with an extensive photosynthetic membrane. In addition, specialized epidermal cells produce an extracellular cuticle composed primarily of lipids, and storage cells accumulate large amounts of storage lipids. As lipid assembly is associated...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark) Denmark), 2014-09, Vol.15 (9), p.915-932
Main Authors: Hurlock, Anna K., Roston, Rebecca L., Wang, Kun, Benning, Christoph
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biological Transport - physiology
chloroplast
cuticular wax
endoplasmic reticulum
glycolipids
Humans
Lipid Metabolism - physiology
Lipids
Lipids - physiology
Membrane Transport Proteins - metabolism
Plant Cells - metabolism
Plant Cells - physiology
sphingolipids
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Summary:Plant cells contain unique organelles such as chloroplasts with an extensive photosynthetic membrane. In addition, specialized epidermal cells produce an extracellular cuticle composed primarily of lipids, and storage cells accumulate large amounts of storage lipids. As lipid assembly is associated only with discrete membranes or organelles, there is a need for extensive lipid trafficking within plant cells, more so in specialized cells and sometimes also in response to changing environmental conditions such as phosphate deprivation. Because of the complexity of plant lipid metabolism and the inherent recalcitrance of membrane lipid transporters, the mechanisms of lipid transport within plant cells are not yet fully understood. Recently, several new proteins have been implicated in different aspects of plant lipid trafficking. While these proteins provide only first insights into limited aspects of lipid transport phenomena in plant cells, they represent exciting opportunities for further studies. Plant cells are unique in both localization of lipid synthesis and in diversity of lipid‐containing structures (e.g. chloroplast, vacuole and cuticle). Lipids must be transported between sites of synthesis and destination structures, but much remains unknown about the mechanisms of transport. Current hypotheses involving both protein‐mediated and non‐protein‐mediated mechanisms as well as recent findings in the field of plant lipid trafficking will be discussed.
ISSN:1398-9219
1600-0854
DOI:10.1111/tra.12187