Resveratrol and fish oil reduce catecholamine-induced mortality in obese rats: role of oxidative stress in the myocardium and aorta

The exact mechanisms of the relationship between obesity and cardiovascular events are not yet fully understood; however, oxidative stress may be involved. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of resveratrol and fish oil on catecholamine-induced mortality in obese rats. To...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:British journal of nutrition 2013-11, Vol.110 (9), p.1580-1590
Main Authors: Ávila, Pricila R. M., Marques, Scherolin O., Luciano, Thais F., Vitto, Marcelo F., Engelmann, Julia, Souza, Daniela R., Pereira, Sane V., Pinho, Ricardo A., Lira, Fabio S., De Souza, Claudio T.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antioxidants - pharmacology
Antioxidants - therapeutic use
Aorta - drug effects
Aorta - metabolism
Biological and medical sciences
Catecholamines - metabolism
Catecholamines - pharmacology
Dietary Fats - pharmacology
Dietary Fats - therapeutic use
Dietary Supplements
Feeding. Feeding behavior
Fish oils
Fish Oils - pharmacology
Fish Oils - therapeutic use
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Isoproterenol - metabolism
Isoproterenol - pharmacology
Male
Medical sciences
Metabolic diseases
Metabolism and Metabolic Studies
Microfilament Proteins - metabolism
Mortality
Myocardium - metabolism
NF-E2-Related Factor 2 - metabolism
Obesity
Obesity - drug therapy
Obesity - metabolism
Obesity - mortality
Oxidative stress
Oxidative Stress - drug effects
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Stilbenes - pharmacology
Stilbenes - therapeutic use
Studies
Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
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Summary:The exact mechanisms of the relationship between obesity and cardiovascular events are not yet fully understood; however, oxidative stress may be involved. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of resveratrol and fish oil on catecholamine-induced mortality in obese rats. To begin with, rats were divided into five groups: (1) lean, (2) obese, (3) obese supplemented with resveratrol, (4) obese supplemented with fish oil and (5) obese supplemented with resveratrol and fish oil (n 18 rats per group), for 2 months. After supplementation, the groups were subdivided as with (n 10) and without (n 8) cardiovascular catecholaminergic stress after isoproterenol (60 mg/kg) injection. At 24 h later, the survival rate was analysed. The obese group showed lower survival rates (10 %) when compared with the lean group (70 %). On the other hand, resveratrol (50 %) and fish oil (40 %) increased the survival rate of obese rats (χ2 test, P= 0·019). Biochemical analyses of the myocardium and aorta revealed that obese rats had higher levels of superoxide and oxidative damage to lipids and protein. This was associated with reduced superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity in both the myocardium and aorta. The supplementation increased antioxidant enzyme activities and reduced oxidative damage. We also evaluated the nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 antioxidant pathway. Nrf2 protein levels that were reduced in obese rats were increased by the antioxidant treatment. Taken together, these results showed that resveratrol and fish oil reduce catecholamine-induced mortality in obese rats, partly through the reduction of oxidative stress.
ISSN:0007-1145
1475-2662
DOI:10.1017/S0007114513000925