rosemary extract enriched in carnosic acid improves circulating adipocytokines and modulates key metabolic sensors in lean Zucker rats: Critical and contrasting differences in the obese genotype

SCOPE: Carnosic acid (CA) and rosemary extracts (REs) have antiobesity effects but the mechanisms are not understood. We investigated some of the potential mechanisms contributing to the metabolic effects of an RE enriched in CA. METHODS AND RESULTS: An RE (∼40% CA) was administered to lean (Le, fa/...

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Published in:Molecular nutrition & food research 2014-05, Vol.58 (5), p.942-953
Main Authors: Romo‐Vaquero, María, Larrosa, Mar, Yáñez‐Gascón, María J, Issaly, Nicolas, Flanagan, John, Roller, Marc, Tomás‐Barberán, Francisco A, Espín, Juan C, García‐Conesa, María‐Teresa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adiponectin
Adiponectin - genetics
Adiponectin - metabolism
AMP-Activated Protein Kinases - genetics
AMP-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism
Animals
Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology
Anti-Obesity Agents - pharmacology
Biological and medical sciences
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor - genetics
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor - metabolism
Diterpenes, Abietane - pharmacology
Feeding. Feeding behavior
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
gene expression
gene expression regulation
Genotype
IL-1β
interleukin-1
Interleukin-1beta - genetics
Interleukin-1beta - metabolism
Leptin
Leptin - genetics
Leptin - metabolism
Liver - drug effects
Liver - metabolism
Medical sciences
Metabolic diseases
metabolism
Obesity
Obesity - drug therapy
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha
Phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase
Plant Extracts - pharmacology
protein kinases
Rats
Rats, Zucker
rosemary
Rosmarinus - chemistry
Transcription Factors - genetics
Transcription Factors - metabolism
Tumor necrosis factor alpha
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - genetics
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism
Up-Regulation
Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
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Summary:SCOPE: Carnosic acid (CA) and rosemary extracts (REs) have antiobesity effects but the mechanisms are not understood. We investigated some of the potential mechanisms contributing to the metabolic effects of an RE enriched in CA. METHODS AND RESULTS: An RE (∼40% CA) was administered to lean (Le, fa/+) and obese (Ob, fa/fa) female Zucker rats for 64 days. Several adipocytokines, brain‐derived neurotrophic factor, phosphorylated AMP‐activated protein kinase, and hepatic gene expression changes were investigated. The RE significantly decreased circulating tumor necrosis factor alpha (RE/CT = 0.36, p < 0.0003), IL‐1β (0.48, p < 0.032), and leptin (0.48, p < 0.002), and upregulated adiponectin (1.47, p < 0.045) in the Le rats. The RE also induced phase I and phase II gene expression and the peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma coactivator 1‐alpha. Notably, the RE decreased adipose phosphorylated AMP‐activated protein kinase and did not affect hepatic peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma coactivator 1‐alpha in the Ob rats. CONCLUSION: Our results show that an RE rich in CA exerts anti‐inflammatory effects and affects hepatic metabolism in normal Le rats. We report significant differences in the expression and regulation of key metabolic sensors between Le and Ob rats that may contribute to explain the different ability of the two genotypes to respond to the RE.
ISSN:1613-4125
1613-4133
DOI:10.1002/mnfr.201300524