Surface morphology improvement of three-dimensional solar cell with Cu2ZnSnS4 absorber

•Three-dimensional structure solar cells were fabricated with a Cu2ZnSnS4 absorber.•The efficiency was improved by annealing CZTS absorber layer with a CZTS cover.•The efficiency was improved with lower sulfur concentration solution. Solar cells with a three-dimensional (3D) structure were fabricate...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of alloys and compounds 2013-09, Vol.571, p.98-102
Main Authors: Tanaka, Kunihiko, Kurokawa, Masato, Moriya, Katsuhiko, Uchiki, Hisao
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Annealing
Applied sciences
Cold working, work hardening
annealing, quenching, tempering, recovery, and recrystallization
textures
Covering
Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science
rheology
Cu2ZnSnS4
CZT
Deposition
Energy
Exact sciences and technology
Materials science
Methods of deposition of films and coatings
film growth and epitaxy
Nanopowders
Nanoscale materials and structures: fabrication and characterization
Natural energy
Photovoltaic cells
Photovoltaic conversion
Physics
Reduction
Solar cells
Solar cells. Photoelectrochemical cells
Solar energy
Spray coating techniques
Three dimensional
Three-dimensinal solar cell
TiO2 nano particles
Treatment of materials and its effects on microstructure and properties
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Summary:•Three-dimensional structure solar cells were fabricated with a Cu2ZnSnS4 absorber.•The efficiency was improved by annealing CZTS absorber layer with a CZTS cover.•The efficiency was improved with lower sulfur concentration solution. Solar cells with a three-dimensional (3D) structure were fabricated with a Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) absorber (CZTS 3D-cell). CZTS absorbers were deposited by spray pyrolysis deposition (SPD) onto CdS buffer layers and then annealed in a nitrogen atmosphere without a cover, with a SLG plate cover, and with a CZTS covering layer deposited on a 3D substrate. The short circuit current density (Jsc) was improved by annealing with a CZTS covering layer, due to a reduction of cracks on the surface of the CZTS absorber. A CZTS 3D cell was then fabricated using a solution with lower sulfur concentration to suppress the evaporation of S, which resulted in a reduction of holes on the surface of the CZTS absorber and an increase in Jsc and the conversion efficiency (η). The η value was 1.13%, which is the highest efficiency for a CZTS 3D-solar cell to our knowledge.
ISSN:0925-8388
1873-4669
DOI:10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.03.060