Effect of injectable medroxyprogesterone acetate and etonogestrel implants on GABA-A and serotonin receptors in white and gray matter of the brain: experimental study in rats

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the time-dependent effect of progesterone-only contraceptives on the brain and to obtain an improved understanding of mood disorders experienced under this medication. A total of 66 Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: etonogestrel (ENG) i...

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Published in:Gynecological endocrinology 2014-04, Vol.30 (4), p.320-324
Main Authors: Seven, Ali, Yüksel, Beril, K l ç, Sevtap, Esen, Hasan, Keskin, U ur, Ulubay, Mustafa, Özekinci, Murat
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Apoptosis - drug effects
Brain
Brain - cytology
Brain - drug effects
Brain - metabolism
Desogestrel - administration & dosage
etonogestrel
Female
GABA-A
gamma-Aminobutyric Acid - metabolism
Immunohistochemistry
In Situ Nick-End Labeling
medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA)
Medroxyprogesterone Acetate - administration & dosage
progesterone
Random Allocation
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Receptors, Serotonin - metabolism
serotonin
Statistics, Nonparametric
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Summary:Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the time-dependent effect of progesterone-only contraceptives on the brain and to obtain an improved understanding of mood disorders experienced under this medication. A total of 66 Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: etonogestrel (ENG) implant (group 1, n = 30); depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA)-injectable (group 2, n = 30); and control (group 3, n = 6) groups. Groups 1 and 2 were each divided into five subgroups, which were examined every 10 d for up to 50 d after medication administration, to evaluate its time-dependent effect. There was no difference in terms of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and serotonin immunohistochemical staining in white and gray matter among the subgroups of group 1. In group 2, there was a significant decrease in serotonin receptor staining intensity in white and gray matter on day 50, when compared to the control group (p = 0.041). When the subgroups of group 2 were compared, there was a significant decrease in serotonin receptor staining intensity in white and gray matter on days 40 and 50 when compared to day 10. In conclusion, we showed that ENG and MPA have no effect on apoptosis and GABA-A receptors in the brain. We also showed that MPA has time-dependent effects on serotonin receptors, which may be a possible mechanism involved in mood disorders during long-term usage of injectable progesterone-only contraceptives.
ISSN:0951-3590
1473-0766
DOI:10.3109/09513590.2014.880417