Antidermatophytic and antileishmanial activities of essential oils from Lippia gracilis Schauer genotypes

Trichophyton rubrum and Leishmania chagasi were highly susceptible to the Lippia gracilis essential oils as well as to their major components: thymol and carvacrol. •Leishmanicidal and antidermatophytic effects of L. gracilis oils were evaluated.•T. rubrum growth was affected by L. gracilis essentia...

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Published in:Acta tropica 2013-10, Vol.128 (1), p.110-115
Main Authors: de Melo, Juliana Oliveira, Bitencourt, Tamires Aparecida, Fachin, Ana Lúcia, Cruz, Elizângela Mércia Oliveira, de Jesus, Hugo César Ramos, Alves, Péricles Barreto, de Fátima Arrigoni-Blank, Maria, de Castro Franca, Suzelei, Beleboni, Rene Oliveira, Fernandes, Roberta Pereira Miranda, Blank, Arie Fitzgerald, Scher, Ricardo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antifungal Agents - isolation & purification
Antifungal Agents - pharmacology
antifungal properties
Antiprotozoal Agents - isolation & purification
Antiprotozoal Agents - pharmacology
Brazil
Carvacrol
Cell Survival - drug effects
chemical analysis
Colorimetry
essential oils
fluconazole
fungi
gas chromatography
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Genotype
germplasm
Humans
Inhibitory Concentration 50
leaves
Leishmania - drug effects
Leishmania chagasi
Lippia
Lippia - chemistry
Lippia - genetics
mass spectrometry
Medicinal plants
monoterpenoids
Oils, Volatile - isolation & purification
Oils, Volatile - pharmacology
on-farm research
Plant Extracts - isolation & purification
Plant Extracts - pharmacology
Plant Leaves - chemistry
Tetrazolium Salts - metabolism
Thiazoles - metabolism
Thymol
Trichophyton - drug effects
Trichophyton rubrum
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Summary:Trichophyton rubrum and Leishmania chagasi were highly susceptible to the Lippia gracilis essential oils as well as to their major components: thymol and carvacrol. •Leishmanicidal and antidermatophytic effects of L. gracilis oils were evaluated.•T. rubrum growth was affected by L. gracilis essential oils.•Antifungal activity of L. gracilis essential oils was similar to fluconazole.•L. chagasi viability was considerably affected by L. gracilis essential oils. Lippia gracilis, popularly known in Brazil as ‘alecrim-de-tabuleiro’, is used for many purposes, especially antimicrobial and antiseptic activities. The leaves of three L. gracilis genotypes, including LGRA-106, LGRA-109 and LGRA-110 were collected from the Active Germplasm Bank located in the “Campus Rural da UFS” research farm at the São Cristóvão country, Sergipe State, Brazil. The essential oils were obtained from leaves of L. gracilis plants by hydrodistillation. Chemical analysis of the essential oils was performed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The susceptibility of Trichophyton rubrum strains, MYA3108 and TruMDR2, to the two L. gracilis genotypes (LGRA-106 and LGRA-109) essential oils was determined by the serial microdilution method. Leishmanicidal activity of essential oil from LGRA-106 and LGRA-110 was assayed by tetrazolium-dye (MTT) colorimetric method. The oxygenated monoterpene thymol was the main component of the essential oil from genotype LGRA-106, while Carvacrol was more abundant in LGRA-109 and LGRA-110. The concentrations of LGRA-106 and LGRA-109 essential oils that completely eliminate the fungi were determined and these concentrations were similar to those observed for fluconazole, a common antifungal drug. Among the genotype tested, LGRA-106 essential oil exhibited the best fungicidal activity at 46.87μgmL−1. Regarding to leishmanicidal activity, the IC50, for LGRA-106 and LGRA-110, was 86.32 and 77.26μgmL−1, respectively. The results showed that L. gracilis essential oil, rich in thymol and thymol itself presented best antidermatophytic activity, while the best leishmanicidal activity was obtained with essential oil from genotype rich in Carvacrol and Carvacrol itself.
ISSN:0001-706X
1873-6254
DOI:10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.06.024