Vitamin D supplementation, body weight and human serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D response: a systematic review

PURPOSE: There is considerable variation in incremental circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels on vitamin D supplements, even when similar age groups and identical vitamin D doses are compared. We therefore aimed to investigate the importance of body weight for the dose–response relation in...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:European journal of nutrition 2014-03, Vol.53 (2), p.367-374
Main Authors: Zittermann, Armin, Ernst, Jana B, Gummert, Jan F, Börgermann, Jochen
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Age Factors
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Biological and medical sciences
blood serum
Body Weight
calcium
Calcium - administration & dosage
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Child
Cholecalciferol - administration & dosage
Dietary Supplements
Ergocalciferols - administration & dosage
Feeding. Feeding behavior
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Nutrition
regression analysis
Review
systematic review
Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
vitamin D
Vitamin D - administration & dosage
Vitamin D - analogs & derivatives
Vitamin D - blood
Vitamin D Deficiency - physiopathology
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Summary:PURPOSE: There is considerable variation in incremental circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels on vitamin D supplements, even when similar age groups and identical vitamin D doses are compared. We therefore aimed to investigate the importance of body weight for the dose–response relation in circulating 25OHD. METHODS: We performed a systematic review of randomized placebo-controlled vitamin D supplementation trials in all age groups ≥10 years to clarify the influence of body weight and other parameters on incremental circulating 25OHD levels (difference between baseline and in-study values) in vitamin D-deficient and non-deficient individuals. RESULTS: We included 144 cohorts from 94 independent studies, published from 1990 to November 2012, in our systematic review. There was a logarithmic association between vitamin D dose per kg body weight per day and increment in circulating 25OHD. In multivariable regression analysis, vitamin D dose per kg body weight per day could explain 34.5 % of variation in circulating 25OHD. Additional significant predictors were type of supplement (vitamin D₂ or vitamin D₃), age, concomitant intake of calcium supplements and baseline 25OHD, explaining 9.8, 3.7, 2.4 and 1.9 %, respectively, of the variation in circulating 25OHD. CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review demonstrates that body weight is an important predictor of variation in circulating 25OHD in cohorts on vitamin D supplements. Our model provides an estimate of the daily vitamin D dose that is necessary for achieving adequate circulating 25OHD levels in vitamin D-insufficient or vitamin D-deficient individuals/cohorts with different body weights and ages.
ISSN:1436-6207
1436-6215
DOI:10.1007/s00394-013-0634-3