Catechin-rich oil palm leaf extract enhances bone calcium content of estrogen-deficient rats

Abstract Objective Postmenopausal estrogen deficiency often causes bone density loss and osteoporosis. This study evaluated the effects of an oral administration of oil palm leaf extract (OPL) on bone calcium content and structure, bone density, ash weights, and serum total alkaline phosphatase (T-A...

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Published in:Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) Los Angeles County, Calif.), 2013-04, Vol.29 (4), p.667-672
Main Authors: Bakhsh, Ahdab, M.Sc, Mustapha, Noordin Mohamed, Ph.D, Mohamed, Suhaila, Ph.D
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alkaline phosphatase
Alkaline Phosphatase - blood
Animals
Arecaceae - chemistry
Biological and medical sciences
Biomarkers - blood
Bone and Bones - chemistry
Bone and Bones - metabolism
Bone and Bones - pathology
Bone calcium content
Bone Density
Bone Density Conservation Agents - administration & dosage
Bone Density Conservation Agents - chemistry
Bone Density Conservation Agents - therapeutic use
Calcium - analysis
Calcium - metabolism
Catechin - administration & dosage
Catechin - analysis
Catechin - therapeutic use
Dietary Supplements
Diseases of the osteoarticular system
Estrogen deficiency
Estrogens
Feeding. Feeding behavior
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Humans
Malaysia
Medical sciences
Oil palm leaves
Osteoblasts - metabolism
Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal - metabolism
Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal - pathology
Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal - prevention & control
Osteoporosis. Osteomalacia. Paget disease
Ovariectomy - adverse effects
Phytoestrogens - administration & dosage
Phytoestrogens - chemistry
Phytoestrogens - therapeutic use
Pituitary gland
Plant Extracts - administration & dosage
Plant Extracts - chemistry
Plant Extracts - therapeutic use
Plant Leaves - chemistry
Polyphenols
Random Allocation
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Rodents
Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
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Summary:Abstract Objective Postmenopausal estrogen deficiency often causes bone density loss and osteoporosis. This study evaluated the effects of an oral administration of oil palm leaf extract (OPL) on bone calcium content and structure, bone density, ash weights, and serum total alkaline phosphatase (T-ALP) of estrogen-deficient ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Methods Female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five experimental groups: 1) intact (normal control); 2) ovariectomized (OVX control), and OVX rats supplemented with 3) 2% (w/v) green tea (OVX + GT), 4) OPL 150 mg/kg of body weight, or 5) OPL 300 mg/kg of body weight in the drinking water. Results After 3 mo, the OVX control rats had significantly decreased femur and tibia masses (−5% and −3%, respectively), ash (−15% and −10%), calcium content (−0.5% and −2.7%), and bone density and T-ALP concentrations (−40%) compared with intact rats. The catechin-rich OPL dose dependently increased the OVX bone density and structure, femur and tibia masses (by +8% and +12% respectively), ash (by +30% and +20% respectively), calcium (by +3% and +5%), and T-ALP concentrations (by +76%) compared with the OVX rats. The increases by OPL were higher than that in OVX + GT and control intact rats. Conclusion The catechin-rich OPL increased the bone mass in estrogen-deficient rats by increasing osteoblast activities to higher levels than in normal rats and those supplemented with GT. This was shown by the modulation of serum T-ALP levels, bone calcium content, total mineral content, and bone histologic structure. The OPL is a potential inexpensive ingredient for protection against osteoporosis and influences bone metabolism by encouraging bone formation.
ISSN:0899-9007
1873-1244
DOI:10.1016/j.nut.2012.09.005