15-Lipoxygenases in cancer: A double-edged sword?

•15-Lipoxygenase is involved in many cancer-related processes.•15-Lipoxygenase may act as a carcinogen or a tumor suppressor.•In some neoplasms, e.g., prostate cancer, this diversity is explained through opposing effects of two 15-lipoxygenase isoenzymes.•In colorectal cancer, harnessing 15-lipoxyge...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators 2013-10, Vol.106, p.16-22
Main Authors: Klil-Drori, Adi J., Ariel, Amiram
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase - metabolism
Arachidonic acid
Docosahexaenoic acid
Humans
Lipoxygenase
Neoplasms - enzymology
Neoplastic growth
Tumor biology
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Summary:•15-Lipoxygenase is involved in many cancer-related processes.•15-Lipoxygenase may act as a carcinogen or a tumor suppressor.•In some neoplasms, e.g., prostate cancer, this diversity is explained through opposing effects of two 15-lipoxygenase isoenzymes.•In colorectal cancer, harnessing 15-lipoxygenase may be therapeutic.•The dichotomy in 15-lipoxygenase actions might stem from opposing actions of mono- and di/tri-hydroxy products. Among the lipoxygenases, a diverse family of fatty acid dioxygenases with varying tissue-specific expression, 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) was found to be involved in many aspects of human cancer, such as angiogenesis, chronic inflammation, metastasis formation, and direct and indirect tumor suppression. Herein, evidence for the expression and action of 15-LOX and its orthologs in various neoplasms, including solid tumors and hematologic malignancies, is reviewed. The debate surrounding the impact of 15-LOX as either a tumor-promoting or a tumor-suppressing enzyme is highlighted and discussed in the context of its role in other biological systems.
ISSN:1098-8823
DOI:10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2013.07.006