Macrophage activity and histopathology of the lymphohematopoietic organs in male Wistar rats orally exposed to single or mixed pesticides

The noxious effects of low or effective dose exposure to single or mixed pesticides on macrophage activity and the lymphohematopoietic organs were investigated. Male Wistar rats were orally exposed to dichlorvos, dicofol, endosulfan, dieldrin and permethrin, either as single or combined mixtures dur...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of environmental science and health. Part B, Pesticides, food contaminants, and agricultural wastes Pesticides, food contaminants, and agricultural wastes, 2013-07, Vol.48 (7), p.607-613
Main Authors: De Camargo, Marcela Rodrigues, Barbisan, Luís Fernando, Martinez, Meire França, Da Silva Franchi, Carla Adriene, De Camargo, João Lauro Viana, Spinardi-Barbisan, Ana Lúcia Tozzi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Animals
Applied ecology
Biological and medical sciences
Bone Marrow - drug effects
Bone Marrow - immunology
Cells
Cells, Cultured
Diet
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Immunotoxicity
Lymph Nodes - drug effects
Lymph Nodes - immunology
Lymphatic system
lymphohematopoietic organs
Lymphoid Tissue - drug effects
Lymphoid Tissue - immunology
Macrophage Activation - drug effects
macrophage activity
Macrophages - drug effects
Macrophages - immunology
Male
male rats
pesticide mixture
Pesticides
Pesticides - toxicity
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Rodents
Spleen - drug effects
Spleen - immunology
Thymus Gland - drug effects
Thymus Gland - immunology
TNF inhibitors
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - immunology
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Summary:The noxious effects of low or effective dose exposure to single or mixed pesticides on macrophage activity and the lymphohematopoietic organs were investigated. Male Wistar rats were orally exposed to dichlorvos, dicofol, endosulfan, dieldrin and permethrin, either as single or combined mixtures during a 28-day study containing eight groups: one group received a semipurified diet (non-treated); two groups received a semipurified diet containing low dose mixture (dieldrin 0.025 mg/kg, endosulfan, 0.6 mg/kg, dicofol 0.22 mg/kg, dichlorvos 0.23 mg/kg, permethrin 5 mg/kg) or an effective dose mixture (dichlorvos 2.3 mg/kg, dicofol 2.5 mg/kg, endosulfan 2.9 mg/kg, dieldrin 0.05 mg/kg and permethrin 25.0 mg/kg), respectively; the other five groups received a semipurified diet containing each single pesticide in effective doses. At sacrifice, the thymus, spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, Payer's patches and bone marrow were removed for histological analysis. Peritoneal macrophages were obtained to determine the phagocytosis and spreading indexes and tumoral necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO) and H 2 O 2 production. Exposure to pesticide mixtures did not alter the percentage of macrophage phagocytosis and spreading, TNF-α production or the NO and H 2 O 2 release when compared to the non-treated group. Neither was there any apparent evidence that a pesticide mixture at low or effective doses altered the histological structure of the lymphohematopoietic organs. The findings indicate that short-term treatment with pesticide mixtures did not induce an apparent immunotoxic effect in male Wistar rats.
ISSN:0360-1234
1532-4109
DOI:10.1080/03601234.2013.775020