Temperament and character profiles of Japanese university students with depressive episodes and ideas of suicide or self-harm: A PHQ-9 screening study

Abstract Objective The aim of our study was to reveal the personality traits of individuals with major and other depressive episodes among the young adult population. Furthermore, character traits of individuals with ideas of suicide or self-harm were also investigated in this study. Methods The sub...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Comprehensive psychiatry 2013-11, Vol.54 (8), p.1215-1221
Main Authors: Mitsui, Nobuyuki, Asakura, Satoshi, Shimizu, Yusuke, Fujii, Yutaka, Kako, Yuki, Tanaka, Teruaki, Oba, Koji, Inoue, Takeshi, Kusumi, Ichiro
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Adult and adolescent clinical studies
Biological and medical sciences
Character
Confidence intervals
Depression
Depressive Disorder - epidemiology
Depressive Disorder - psychology
Depressive Disorder, Major - epidemiology
Depressive Disorder, Major - psychology
Female
Gender
Humans
Inventory
Japan - epidemiology
Male
Mass Screening
Medical sciences
Mental depression
Miscellaneous
Mood disorders
Personality - physiology
Personality Inventory
Population
Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Self destructive behavior
Self-Injurious Behavior - epidemiology
Self-Injurious Behavior - psychology
Students - psychology
Studies
Suicidal Ideation
Suicide
Suicides & suicide attempts
Temperament - physiology
Universities
University students
Young Adult
Young adults
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Summary:Abstract Objective The aim of our study was to reveal the personality traits of individuals with major and other depressive episodes among the young adult population. Furthermore, character traits of individuals with ideas of suicide or self-harm were also investigated in this study. Methods The subjects of this study were 1421 university students who completed the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). The subjects were divided into three separate groups: the major depressive episode group (N = 41), the other depressive episode group (N = 97), and the non-depressive controls (N = 1283). This separation was achieved using the PHQ-9 algorithm diagnosis. We compared the TCI scores using an analysis of variance. Moreover, the Cochran-Armitage trend test was used to determine the diagnosis, ideas of suicide or self-harm, and analysis of character profiles. Results The major depressive episode group had significantly higher HA ( P < 0.001), lower RD ( P < 0.001), lower SD ( P < 0.001), and lower C ( P < 0.001) scores than non-depressive controls. The other depressive episode group had significantly higher HA scores ( P < 0.001) and lower SD scores ( P < 0.001) than non-depressive controls. The Cochran-Armitage trend test revealed that the prevalence of depressive episodes decreased as the character profiles matured (χ2trend = 57.2, P < 0.0001). The same tendency was observed in individuals who had ideas of suicide or self-harm (χ2trend = 49.3, P < 0.0001). Conclusion High HA and low SD scores were common personality traits among young adults with major depressive episodes. Furthermore, the immaturity of character profiles was clearly associated with depressive episodes and ideas of suicide or self-harm.
ISSN:0010-440X
1532-8384
DOI:10.1016/j.comppsych.2013.05.014