Resting energy expenditure and adiposity accretion among children with Down syndrome: a 3-year prospective study

Background: Children with Down syndrome (DS) have a higher prevalence of obesity than other children. Whether this increased risk for obesity is due to a lower resting energy expenditure (REE) is controversial. Our study assessed whether (1) the REE of children with DS adjusted for fat-free mass (FF...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:European journal of clinical nutrition 2013-10, Vol.67 (10), p.1087-1091
Main Authors: Hill, D L, Parks, E P, Zemel, B S, Shults, J, Stallings, V A, Stettler, N
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
692/420/2489/1381
692/699/1702/393
692/700/1720
Accretion
Adipose tissue
Adipose Tissue - metabolism
Adiposity
African Continental Ancestry Group
Anthropometry
Basal Metabolism
Biological and medical sciences
Body Composition
Body fat
Body Fluid Compartments
Calorimetry, Indirect
Child
Child, Preschool
Children
Children & youth
Chromosome aberrations
Clinical Nutrition
Comparative analysis
Cross-Sectional Studies
Deposition
Developmentally disabled children
Down syndrome
Down Syndrome - complications
Down Syndrome - ethnology
Down Syndrome - metabolism
Down's syndrome
Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry
Energy expenditure
Epidemiology
Fat-free body mass
Feeding. Feeding behavior
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Humans
Internal Medicine
Male
Medical genetics
Medical sciences
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Metabolic Diseases
Obesity
Obesity - etiology
Obesity - metabolism
Obesity in children
original-article
Physiological aspects
Prospective Studies
Public Health
Rest
Risk factors
Siblings
Skinfold thickness
Thickness measurement
Thyroxine
Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
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Summary:Background: Children with Down syndrome (DS) have a higher prevalence of obesity than other children. Whether this increased risk for obesity is due to a lower resting energy expenditure (REE) is controversial. Our study assessed whether (1) the REE of children with DS adjusted for fat-free mass (FFM) was lower than that of sibling controls, and (2) the changes in fat mass (FM) over 3 years were associated with FFM-adjusted baseline REE. Methods: This study used cross-sectional and prospective cohort designs. Four annual measurement visits were conducted with 28 children with DS and 35 sibling controls aged 3–10years. REE and serum thyroxine (T4) were measured at baseline. Anthropometry, skinfold thickness measures, and, in a subsample, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) were used at each visit to calculate FM. Results: Children with DS had significantly lower REE adjusted for FFM (−78 kcal/day, 95% CI: −133 to −27, P =0.003). The difference remained significant after adjustment for FM, sex and African ancestry (−49 kcal/day, 95% CI: −94 to −4, P =0.03). In the longitudinal analysis, the baseline REE adjusted for baseline FFM was not predictive of FM accretion over time ( P =0.8). Conclusion: Children with DS have lower REE than sibling controls, but REE was not associated with changes in FM over time. The results suggest that the lower REE of children with DS does not explain their increased risk for obesity.
ISSN:0954-3007
1476-5640
DOI:10.1038/ejcn.2013.137