Factors associated with development of excessive fatness in children and adolescents: a review of prospective studies

Summary The purpose of this review was to examine the factors that predict the development of excessive fatness in children and adolescents. Medline, Web of Science and PubMed were searched to identify prospective cohort studies that evaluated the association between several variables (e.g. physical...

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Published in:Obesity reviews 2013-08, Vol.14 (8), p.645-658
Main Authors: Pate, R. R., O'Neill, J. R., Liese, A. D., Janz, K. F., Granberg, E. M., Colabianchi, N., Harsha, D. W., Condrasky, M. M., O'Neil, P. M., Lau, E. Y., Taverno Ross, S. E.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adiposity - physiology
Adolescent
Child
Child, Preschool
Childhood obesity
Diet
dietary intake
fat mass
Female
Humans
Life Style
Male
Obesity - epidemiology
Obesity - etiology
physical activity
Risk Factors
Social Environment
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Summary:Summary The purpose of this review was to examine the factors that predict the development of excessive fatness in children and adolescents. Medline, Web of Science and PubMed were searched to identify prospective cohort studies that evaluated the association between several variables (e.g. physical activity, sedentary behaviour, dietary intake and genetic, physiological, social cognitive, family and peer, school and community factors) and the development of excessive fatness in children and adolescents (5–18 years). Sixty‐one studies met the eligibility criteria and were included. There is evidence to support the association between genetic factors and low physical activity with excessive fatness in children and adolescents. Current studies yielded mixed evidence for the contribution of sedentary behaviour, dietary intake, physiological biomarkers, family factors and the community physical activity environment. No conclusions could be drawn about social cognitive factors, peer factors, school nutrition and physical activity environments, and the community nutrition environment. There is a dearth of longitudinal evidence that examines specific factors contributing to the development of excessive fatness in childhood and adolescence. Given that childhood obesity is a worldwide public health concern, the field can benefit from large‐scale, long‐term prospective studies that use state‐of‐the‐art measures in a diverse sample of children and adolescents.
ISSN:1467-7881
1467-789X
DOI:10.1111/obr.12035