Assessment of biochemical and antioxidant diversities in a shallot germplasm collection from Vietnam and its surrounding countries

The shallot is considered an important genetic resource for Allium breeding programs because, compared to the bulb onion, the shallot contains higher levels of several functional chemical compounds. However, there may be differences in content, composition and beneficial activity among shallot landr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Genetic resources and crop evolution 2013-04, Vol.60 (4), p.1297-1312
Main Authors: Vu, Quynh Hoa, Hang, Tran Thi Minh, Yaguchi, Shigenori, Ono, Yasunori, Pham, Thi Minh Phuong, Yamauchi, Naoki, Shigyo, Masayoshi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agriculture
Allium
Allium cepa
antioxidant activity
Antioxidants
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Breeding
bulbs
chemical analysis
Chemical compounds
Geographical distribution
Germplasm
germplasm conservation
landraces
Life Sciences
Organic chemistry
Phenolic compounds
Phenols
Plant Genetics and Genomics
Plant Physiology
Plant Sciences
Plant Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography
Polymorphism
Polyphenols
principal component analysis
Principal components analysis
Qualitative analysis
quantitative analysis
Quercetin
Research Article
Saponins
shallots
Sugar
sugars
Thin layer chromatography
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Summary:The shallot is considered an important genetic resource for Allium breeding programs because, compared to the bulb onion, the shallot contains higher levels of several functional chemical compounds. However, there may be differences in content, composition and beneficial activity among shallot landraces. This study was carried out to characterize the differences in phenolic, quercetin, sugar, S-alk(en)yl-L-cystein sulfoxide (ACSO), and saponin contents and antioxidant capacities of a shallot germplasm including 31 strains derived from different regions of Vietnam and six other countries. A wide variation was observed in the quantitative analyses of the chemical contents. Shallots with high contents of polyphenols, saponins, and quercetins were found in the south of Vietnam and other low-latitude countries. Meanwhile, those possessing fairly high ACSO and sugar contents were observed in the north of Vietnam. Qualitative analysis of saponins via thin layer chromatography did not show clear variation among shallot strains, but polymorphism was observed between the shallot and other Allium species, such as A. roylei. The principal component analysis could clearly discriminate shallot strains by their geographical origins. All shallot strains showed potent antioxidant activities in a DPPH assay. The highest antioxidant capacity was in the strains possessing relatively high contents of polyphenol, quercetin, and saponin. Significant correlations were found between antioxidant capacity (IC ₅₀ ⁻¹ ) and four groups of chemical compounds (polyphenols, quercetins, saponins, and ACSOs) (r = 0.40–0.59). A strong correlation was observed between IC ₅₀ ⁻¹ and quercetin contents (r = 0.59, p 
ISSN:0925-9864
1573-5109
DOI:10.1007/s10722-012-9920-9