Removal and reductive dechlorination of triclosan by Chlorella pyrenoidosa

•Triclosan was rapidly removed efficiently by alga Chlorella pyrenoidosa during 6-h exposure.•Reductive dechlorination of triclosan was detected as the biodegradation pathway of triclosan for the first time.•The influence of triclosan on C. pyrenoidosa was investigated with growth curves.•It was fou...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Chemosphere (Oxford) 2013-09, Vol.92 (11), p.1498-1505
Main Authors: Wang, Shujuan, Wang, Xian, Poon, Karen, Wang, Yini, Li, Shangfu, Liu, Hongxia, Lin, Shuhai, Cai, Zongwei
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
antimicrobial agents
Applied sciences
aquatic environment
biodegradation
Biodegradation of pollutants
Biodegradation, Environmental
Biological and medical sciences
Biological treatment of waters
Biotechnology
Chlorella - drug effects
Chlorella - growth & development
Chlorella - metabolism
Chlorella pyrenoidosa
chloroplasts
culture media
dechlorination
Drinking water and swimming-pool water. Desalination
electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
Environment and pollution
Exact sciences and technology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Halogenation
Industrial applications and implications. Economical aspects
liquid chromatography
metabolism
metabolites
Oxidation-Reduction
Pollution
Reductive dechlorination
Removal
transmission electron microscopy
Triclosan
Triclosan - isolation & purification
Triclosan - metabolism
Triclosan - toxicity
Water Pollutants, Chemical - isolation & purification
Water Pollutants, Chemical - metabolism
Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity
Water treatment and pollution
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Summary:•Triclosan was rapidly removed efficiently by alga Chlorella pyrenoidosa during 6-h exposure.•Reductive dechlorination of triclosan was detected as the biodegradation pathway of triclosan for the first time.•The influence of triclosan on C. pyrenoidosa was investigated with growth curves.•It was found that trilcosan exposure resulted in the disruption of chloroplast of C. pyrenoidosa cell. Triclosan that is widely used as antimicrobial agent has been detected as contaminant in various aquatic environments. In this work, removal and biodegradation of triclosan in water by using a ubiquitous green alga, Chlorella pyrenoidosa was investigated. When C. pyrenoidosa was exposed to a series concentration of triclosan from 100 to 800ngmL−1, more than 50% of triclosan was eliminated by algal uptake from the culture medium during the first 1h exposure and reached equilibrium after the 6h treatment. In the biodegradation experiments, a removal percentage of 77.2% was obtained after C. pyrenoidosa was cultivated with 800ngmL−1 triclosan for 96h. A major metabolite from the reductive dechlorination of triclosan was identified by using liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. The ultrastructural morphology of algal cells grown in the presence of triclosan was observed by using transmission electron microscopy and the growth of algal cells was detected. It was found that the trilcosan treatment resulted in the disruption of the chloroplast and the release of organic material into aquatic environment, which indicated that triclosan may affect membrane metabolism.
ISSN:0045-6535
1879-1298
DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.03.067