Strigolactone signaling in the endodermis is sufficient to restore root responses and involves SHORT HYPOCOTYL 2 (SHY2) activity

Strigolactones (SLs) are plant hormones and regulators of root development, including lateral root (LR) formation, root hair (RH) elongation and meristem cell number, in a MORE AXILLARY GROWTH 2 (MAX2)-dependent way. However, whether SL signaling is acting cell-autonomously or in a non-cell-autonomo...

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Published in:	The New phytologist 2013-05, Vol.198 (3), p.866-874
Main Authors:	Koren, Dikla, Resnick, Nathalie, Gati, Einav Mayzlish, Belausov, Eduard, Weininger, Smadar, Kapulnik, Yoram, Koltai, Hinanit
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Arabidopsis - genetics Arabidopsis - metabolism Arabidopsis Proteins - drug effects Arabidopsis Proteins - genetics Arabidopsis Proteins - metabolism Auxins Carrier Proteins - genetics Carrier Proteins - metabolism Cell number Cytokinins Cytokinins - metabolism Cytokinins - pharmacology Elongation Gene expression Gene expression regulation Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Germination Hormones Lactones - metabolism Lactones - pharmacology lateral root Meristem - cytology Meristem - genetics Meristems Mode of action MORE AXILLARY GROWTH 2 (MAX2) Mutants Mutation Nuclear Proteins - drug effects Nuclear Proteins - genetics Nuclear Proteins - metabolism Phenotypes Plant growth regulators Plant Growth Regulators - metabolism Plant Growth Regulators - pharmacology Plant growth substances Plant roots Plant Roots - drug effects Plant Roots - physiology Plants primary root meristem Promoter Regions, Genetic Root development root hair SCARECROW Seedlings Sensitivity SHORT HYPOCOTYL2 (SHY2) Signal Transduction Signaling strigolactones
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Summary:	Strigolactones (SLs) are plant hormones and regulators of root development, including lateral root (LR) formation, root hair (RH) elongation and meristem cell number, in a MORE AXILLARY GROWTH 2 (MAX2)-dependent way. However, whether SL signaling is acting cell-autonomously or in a non-cell-autonomous way in roots is unclear. We analyzed root phenotype, hormonal responses and gene expression in multiple lines of Arabidopsis thaliana max2-1 mutants expressing MAX2 under various tissue-specific promoters and shy2 mutants. The results demonstrate for the first time that expression of MAX2 under the SCARECROW (SCR) promoter, expressed mainly in the root endodermis, is sufficient to confer SL sensitivity in the root for RH, LR and meristem cell number. Moreover, loss of function mutation of SHORT HYPOCOTYL 2 (SHY2), a key component in auxin and cytokinin regulation of meristem size, has been found to be insensitive to SLs in relation to LR formation and meristem cell number. Endodermal SL signaling, mediated by MAX2, is sufficient to confer SL sensitivity in root, and SHY2 may participate in SL signaling to regulate meristem size and LR formation. These SL signaling pathways thus may act through modulation of auxin flux in the root tip, and may indicate a root-specific, yet non-cell-autonomous regulatory mode of action.
ISSN:	0028-646X 1469-8137