Body mass index, lifestyles, physical performance and cognitive decline: The “Treviso Longeva (Trelong)” study

Objectives The relative contributions of risk factors, as body mass index (BMI), depression, chronic diseases, smoking, and lifestyles (as physical and performance activity, social contacts and reading habit) to cognitive decline in the elderly are unclear. We explored these variables in relation to...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of nutrition, health & aging health & aging, 2013-04, Vol.17 (4), p.378-384
Main Authors: Gallucci, Maurizio, Mazzuco, S., Ongaro, F., Di Giorgi, E., Mecocci, P., Cesari, M., Albani, D., Forloni, G. L., Durante, E., Gajo, G. B., Zanardo, A., Siculi, M., Caberlotto, L., Regini, C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Aging
Biological and medical sciences
Body Mass Index
Caregivers
Chronic Disease
Cognition & reasoning
Cognition Disorders - diagnosis
Cognition Disorders - epidemiology
Cognitive ability
Comorbidity
Dementia
Depression - diagnosis
Depression - epidemiology
Diet, Mediterranean
Educational Status
Feeding. Feeding behavior
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Geriatric Assessment
Geriatrics/Gerontology
Hand Strength
Hospitals
Humans
Italy - epidemiology
Life Style
Lifestyles
Linear Models
Logistic Models
Longitudinal Studies
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Motor Activity
Multivariate Analysis
Neurosciences
Nutrition
Primary Care Medicine
Prospective Studies
Quality of Life Research
Questionnaires
Reading
Risk Factors
Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
Walking
Womens health
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Summary:Objectives The relative contributions of risk factors, as body mass index (BMI), depression, chronic diseases, smoking, and lifestyles (as physical and performance activity, social contacts and reading habit) to cognitive decline in the elderly are unclear. We explored these variables in relation to 7-year cognitive decline in long-lived Italian elderly. Design Secondary data analysis of a longitudinal study of a representative, age-stratified, population sample. Setting The TREVISO LONGEVA (TRELONG) Study, in Treviso, Italy. Participants 120 men and 189 women, age 77 years and older (mean age 80.2 ± 6.9 years) survivors after seven years of follow up. Measurements Cognitive decline measured as difference between Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score in 2003 and in 2010; Body mass index (BMI), handgrip, Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score, social contacts, reading habit, sight, hearing, schooling, mediterranean diet and multiple clinical and survey data recorded at baseline in 2003. Results In separate univariate analyses, age, SPPB score < 5, depressive symptoms (GDS) and more comorbidities (CCI) were associated with greater cognitive decline. Otherwise higher BMI, higher handgrip, reading habit, non-deteriorated sight and hearing, and schooling were protective. In a final multivariate model, age and higher BMI were associated with greater cognitive decline while reading habits was protective. SPPB score < 5 tends, though weakly, to be associated with greater cognitive decline. These associations remained with multivariate adjustment for gender, schooling, Charlson co-morbidity index (CCI) and baseline MMSE. Conclusion Age and higher baseline BMI, independent of gender, and other confounding factors, are risk factors for cognitive decline. Reading habit plays a protective role seven years later among northern Italian adults aged 70 years or older. Low physical performance tends, though weakly, to be associated with greater cognitive decline.
ISSN:1279-7707
1760-4788
DOI:10.1007/s12603-012-0397-1