Effect of envelope material on biosecurity during emergency bovine mortality composting

► Attainment of pathogen killing time/temp criteria was field tested. ► Temperatures in silage/straw-manure/cornstalk envelopes were 53/47/34°C respectively. ► USEPA criteria were achieved in 89%, 67%, and 22% of silage/straw-manure/cornstalk tests. ► In cold seasons AE & NDV viruses survived 49...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Bioresource technology 2013-02, Vol.130, p.543-551
Main Authors: Glanville, T.D., Ahn, H.K., Richard, T.L., Harmon, J.D., Reynolds, D.L., Akinc, S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal productions
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Biological treatment of sewage sludges and wastes
Biotechnology
Cattle
Cattle Diseases - prevention & control
Composting
Disease
Emergencies
Emergency
Encephalomyelitis Virus, Avian - physiology
Environment and pollution
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Hot Temperature
Industrial applications and implications. Economical aspects
Livestock
Manure
Newcastle disease virus - physiology
Oxygen - analysis
Pathogens
Seasons
Soil - analysis
Soil Microbiology
Terrestrial animal productions
Vertebrates
Virus Inactivation
Zea mays
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Summary:► Attainment of pathogen killing time/temp criteria was field tested. ► Temperatures in silage/straw-manure/cornstalk envelopes were 53/47/34°C respectively. ► USEPA criteria were achieved in 89%, 67%, and 22% of silage/straw-manure/cornstalk tests. ► In cold seasons AE & NDV viruses survived 49days in other materials. ► % Moisture, gas permeability, biodegradability are key performance indicators. The biosecurity of composting as an emergency disposal method for cattle mortalities caused by disease was evaluated by conducting full-scale field trials begun during three different seasons and using three different envelope materials. Process biosecurity was significantly affected by the envelope material used to construct the composting matrix. Internal temperatures met USEPA Class A time/temperature criteria for pathogen reduction in 89%, 67%, and 22%, respectively of seasonal test units constructed with corn silage, straw/manure, or ground cornstalks. In trials begun in the winter, survival times of vaccine strains of avian encephalomyelitis and Newcastle disease virus were noticeably shorter in silage test units than in the other two materials, but during summer/spring trials survival times in ground cornstalk and straw/manure test units were similar to those in test units constructed with silage.
ISSN:0960-8524
1873-2976
DOI:10.1016/j.biortech.2012.12.035