Purification of protein AP-toxin from Arthrinium phaeospermum causing blight in Bambusa pervariabilis × Dendrocalamopisis grandis and its metabolic effects on four bamboo varieties

Bambusa pervariabilis × Dendrocalamopisis grandis blight is caused by a toxin produced by the fungus Arthrinium phaeospermum. In this study, a toxin fraction (P1-2-2) with an estimated molecular mass of 31 kDa was purified from a culture filtrate of this fungus by ammonium sulfate precipitation, Sep...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Phytopathology 2013-02, Vol.103 (2), p.135-145
Main Authors: Li, Shu-Jiang, Zhu, Tian-Hui, Zhu, Han-Ming-Yue, Liang, Man, Qiao, Tian-Min, Han, Shan, Che, Guan-Nan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ascomycota - chemistry
Bambusa - drug effects
Bambusa - immunology
Bambusa - metabolism
Bambusa - microbiology
Carbohydrates - analysis
Deoxyribonucleases - drug effects
Disease Resistance
Flavonoids - analysis
Fungal Proteins - isolation & purification
Fungal Proteins - pharmacology
Molecular Weight
Mycotoxins - isolation & purification
Mycotoxins - pharmacology
Nucleic Acids - analysis
Nucleic Acids - drug effects
Phenols - analysis
Plant Diseases - microbiology
Plant Leaves - drug effects
Plant Leaves - immunology
Plant Leaves - metabolism
Plant Leaves - microbiology
Plant Proteins - analysis
Plant Proteins - drug effects
Plant Shoots - drug effects
Plant Shoots - immunology
Plant Shoots - metabolism
Plant Shoots - microbiology
Ribonucleases - drug effects
Sequence Analysis, Protein
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Summary:Bambusa pervariabilis × Dendrocalamopisis grandis blight is caused by a toxin produced by the fungus Arthrinium phaeospermum. In this study, a toxin fraction (P1-2-2) with an estimated molecular mass of 31 kDa was purified from a culture filtrate of this fungus by ammonium sulfate precipitation, Sephadex G-50 gel chromatography, Q Sepharose Fast Flow anion exchange resin, and Sephadex G-75 chromatography. The N-terminal amino acid sequence (i.e., H(2)N-Gln-Val-Arg-Asp-Arg-Leu-Glu-Ser-Thr) determined by Edman degradation showed homology to known serine alkaline proteases. The purified protein was named AP-toxin. Effects of the purified protein toxin on total phenol, flavonoid, total nucleic acid, DNA, RNA, soluble protein, and soluble sugar content, as well as DNase and RNase activities and disease index, were analyzed in different bamboo varieties by the impregnation method. The toxin had a significant effect on each parameter tested. In addition, a significant correlation was observed among the metabolic index, treatment time, bamboo resistance, and disease index. These data suggest that AP-toxin plays an important role in mediating the phytotoxic activities of A. phaeospermum. This study also indicates that metabolic indices could reflect the resistance indices of hybrid bamboo to blight.
ISSN:0031-949X
1943-7684
DOI:10.1094/PHYTO-07-12-0164-R