Tattoo-based potentiometric ion-selective sensors for epidermal pH monitoring

This article presents the fabrication and characterization of novel tattoo-based solid-contact ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) for non-invasive potentiometric monitoring of epidermal pH levels. The new fabrication approach combines commercially available temporary transfer tattoo paper with conventi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Analyst (London) 2013-01, Vol.138 (1), p.123-128
Main Authors: Bandodkar, Amay J, Hung, Vinci W. S, Jia, Wenzhao, Valdés-Ramírez, Gabriela, Windmiller, Joshua R, Martinez, Alexandra G, Ramírez, Julian, Chan, Garrett, Kerman, Kagan, Wang, Joseph
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Electrodes
Epidermis - chemistry
Human behavior
Humans
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Male
Monitoring
Potentiometry - instrumentation
Sensors
Surface chemistry
Tattooing
Tattoos
Wearable
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Summary:This article presents the fabrication and characterization of novel tattoo-based solid-contact ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) for non-invasive potentiometric monitoring of epidermal pH levels. The new fabrication approach combines commercially available temporary transfer tattoo paper with conventional screen printing and solid-contact polymer ISE methodologies. The resulting tattoo-based potentiometric sensors exhibit rapid and sensitive response to a wide range of pH changes with no carry-over effects. Furthermore, the tattoo ISE sensors endure repetitive mechanical deformation, which is a key requirement of wearable and epidermal sensors. The flexible and conformal nature of the tattoo sensors enable them to be mounted on nearly any exposed skin surface for real-time pH monitoring of the human perspiration, as illustrated from the response during a strenuous physical activity. The resulting tattoo-based ISE sensors offer considerable promise as wearable potentiometric sensors suitable for diverse applications. Temporary transfer tattoo-based all-solid contact potentiometric sensors are fabricated by combining screen printing, temporary tattoo and conducting polymer technology and evaluated for real-time epidermal pH monitoring.
ISSN:0003-2654
1364-5528
DOI:10.1039/c2an36422k