In vivo bone generation via the endochondral pathway on three-dimensional electrospun fibers

A new concept of generating bone tissue via the endochondral route might be superior to the standard intramembranous ossification approach. To implement the endochondral approach, suitable scaffolds are required to provide a three-dimensional (3-D) substrate for cell population and differentiation,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Acta biomaterialia 2013-01, Vol.9 (1), p.4505-4512
Main Authors: Yang, Wanxun, Yang, Fang, Wang, Yining, Both, Sanne K., Jansen, John A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Bone Development
bone formation
bone marrow cells
Bone Marrow Cells - cytology
Bone Marrow Cells - metabolism
Calcified cartilage
cartilage
Cell Differentiation
Cell pellet
Chondrocytes - cytology
Endochondral pathway
ethanol
Glycosaminoglycans - metabolism
Male
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
pellets
Rats
Rats, Inbred F344
Three-dimensional scaffold
tissue engineering
Tissue Scaffolds
Wet-electrospinning
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Summary:A new concept of generating bone tissue via the endochondral route might be superior to the standard intramembranous ossification approach. To implement the endochondral approach, suitable scaffolds are required to provide a three-dimensional (3-D) substrate for cell population and differentiation, and eventually for the generation of osteochondral tissue. Therefore, a novel wet-electrospinning system, using ethanol as the collecting medium, was exploited in this study to fabricate a cotton-like poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)/poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffold that consisted of a very loose and uncompressed accumulation of fibers. Rat bone marrow cells were seeded on these scaffolds and chondrogenically differentiated in vitro for 4weeks followed by subcutaneous implantation in vivo for 8weeks. Cell pellets were used as a control. A glycosaminoglycan assay and Safranin O staining showed that the cells infiltrated throughout the scaffolds and deposited an abundant cartilage matrix after in vitro chondrogenic priming. Histological analysis of the in vivo samples revealed extensive new bone formation through the remodeling of the cartilage template. In conclusion, using the wet-electrospinning method, we are able to create a 3-D scaffold in which bone tissue can be formed via the endochondral pathway. This system can be easily processed for various assays and histological analysis. Consequently, it is more efficient than the traditional cell pellets as a tool to study endochondral bone formation for tissue engineering purposes.
ISSN:1742-7061
1878-7568
DOI:10.1016/j.actbio.2012.10.003