Oral findings associated with primary hyperoxaluria type I

Abstract In the present paper we report the oral findings of a patient who was diagnosed with hyperoxaluria. Hyperoxalurias can basically be classified as primary and secondary, with the first being inborn errors of metabolism and the second a result of excessive oxalate intake. Primary hyperoxaluri...

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Published in:Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery 2012-12, Vol.40 (8), p.e301-e306
Main Authors: Mitsimponas, K.T, Wehrhan, T, Falk, S, Wehrhan, F, Neukam, F.W, Schlegel, K.A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alveolar Bone Loss - etiology
Calcium oxalate
Chronic Periodontitis - etiology
Dentistry
Gingivitis - etiology
Humans
Hyperoxaluria
Hyperoxaluria, Primary - complications
Incisor - pathology
Inflammation
Molar - pathology
Osteolysis - etiology
Osteomalacia
Periodontal diseases
Periodontal Diseases - etiology
Root Resorption - etiology
Surgery
Tooth Apex - pathology
Tooth Diseases - etiology
Tooth loss
Tooth Loss - etiology
Tooth Mobility - etiology
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Summary:Abstract In the present paper we report the oral findings of a patient who was diagnosed with hyperoxaluria. Hyperoxalurias can basically be classified as primary and secondary, with the first being inborn errors of metabolism and the second a result of excessive oxalate intake. Primary hyperoxalurias form a rare group of metabolic diseases that are inherited in the autosomal recessive fashion. The affected genes code for specific hepatic enzymes that are involved in glyoxylate metabolism and their deficiency results in overproduction of oxalate. Two different types are described: Primary hyperoxaluria type I results from a deficiency of peroxisomal enzyme alanine–glyoxylate aminotransferase and the more rare type II from a deficiency of cytosolic enzyme d -glycerate dehydrogenase. Since oxalate is primarily excreted through the kidneys, abnormally high concentration of oxalate in the urine occurs. This can in turn result in recurrent kidney stones and parenchymal renal damage and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Inability to further excrete oxalate through the kidneys leads to its deposition in various organs (oxalosis). Several oral findings have been described in patients with oxalosis, most important of whose are bone resorption in the jaws, external root resorption and rapidly progressive dental mobility, as well as dental pain associated with deposition of oxalate in the dentine and the pulp.
ISSN:1010-5182
1878-4119
DOI:10.1016/j.jcms.2012.01.009