Temporal variations in arsenic concentration in the groundwater of Murshidabad District, West Bengal, India

Systematic investigations on seasonal variations in arsenic (As) concentrations in groundwater in both space and time are scarce for most parts of West Bengal (India). Hence, this study has been undertaken to investigate the extent of As pollution and its temporal variability in parts of Murshidabad...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental earth sciences 2011-01, Vol.62 (2), p.223-232
Main Authors: Farooq, S. H., Chandrasekharam, D., Norra, S., Berner, Z., Eiche, E., Thambidurai, P., Stüben, D.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Arsenic content
Biogeosciences
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Earth, ocean, space
Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics
Environmental Science and Engineering
Exact sciences and technology
Geochemistry
Geology
Groundwater pollution
Hydrogeology
Hydrology. Hydrogeology
Hydrology/Water Resources
Original Article
Pollution, environment geology
Seasons
Terrestrial Pollution
Water quality
Water resources
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Summary:Systematic investigations on seasonal variations in arsenic (As) concentrations in groundwater in both space and time are scarce for most parts of West Bengal (India). Hence, this study has been undertaken to investigate the extent of As pollution and its temporal variability in parts of Murshidabad district (West Bengal, India). Water samples from 35 wells were collected during pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon seasons and analyzed for various elements. Based on the Indian permissible limit for As (50 μg/L) in the drinking water, water samples were classified into contaminated and uncontaminated category. 18 wells were reported as uncontaminated (on average 12 μg/L As) and 12 wells were found contaminated (129 μg/L As) throughout the year, while 5 wells could be classified as either contaminated or uncontaminated depending on when they were sampled. Although the number of wells that alternate between the contaminated and uncontaminated classification is relatively small (14%), distinct seasonal variation in As concentrations occur in all wells. This suggests that investigations conducted within the study area for the purpose of assessing the health risk posed by As in groundwater should not rely on a single round of water samples. In comparison to other areas, As is mainly released to the groundwater due to reductive dissolution of Fe-oxyhydroxides, a process, which is probably enhanced by anthropogenic input of organic carbon. The seasonal variation in As concentrations appear to be caused mainly by dilution effects during monsoon and post-monsoon. The relatively high concentrations of Mn (mean 0.9 mg/L), well above the WHO limit (0.4 mg/L), also cause great concern and necessitate further investigations.
ISSN:1866-6280
1866-6299
DOI:10.1007/s12665-010-0516-4