Functional and molecular evidence of myelin- and neuroprotection by thyroid hormone administration in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis

M. L. Dell'Acqua, L. Lorenzini, G. D'Intino, S. Sivilia, P. Pasqualetti, V. Panetta, M. Paradisi, M. M. Filippi, C. Baiguera, M. Pizzi, L. Giardino, P. M. Rossini and L. Calzà (2012) Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology38, 454–470 Functional and molecular evidence of myelin‐ and neuropr...

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Published in:	Neuropathology and applied neurobiology 2012-08, Vol.38 (5), p.454-470
Main Authors:	Dell'Acqua, M. L., Lorenzini, L., D'Intino, G., Sivilia, S., Pasqualetti, P., Panetta, V., Paradisi, M., Filippi, M. M., Baiguera, C., Pizzi, M., Giardino, L., Rossini, P. M., Calzà, L.
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Animal models Animals Axons - drug effects Axons - pathology Biological and medical sciences Disease Models, Animal Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental - drug therapy Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental - metabolism Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental - pathology Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental - physiopathology Endocrinopathies experimental allergic encephalomyelitis Female Hypothalamus. Hypophysis. Epiphysis (diseases) Medical sciences Myelin Sheath - metabolism Myelin Sheath - pathology Neurology neuroprotection Neuroprotective Agents - therapeutic use Non tumoral diseases. Target tissue resistance. Benign neoplasms Rats remyelination somatosensory evoked potentials Spinal Cord - pathology Spinal Cord - physiopathology thyroid hormone Thyroid Hormones - therapeutic use Triiodothyronine - therapeutic use
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Summary:	M. L. Dell'Acqua, L. Lorenzini, G. D'Intino, S. Sivilia, P. Pasqualetti, V. Panetta, M. Paradisi, M. M. Filippi, C. Baiguera, M. Pizzi, L. Giardino, P. M. Rossini and L. Calzà (2012) Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology38, 454–470 Functional and molecular evidence of myelin‐ and neuroprotection by thyroid hormone administration in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis Aims: Recent data in mouse and rat demyelination models indicate that administration of thyroid hormone (TH) has a positive effect on the demyelination/remyelination balance. As axonal pathology has been recognized as an early neuropathological event in multiple sclerosis, and remyelination is considered a pre‐eminent neuroprotective strategy, in this study we investigated whether TH administration improves nerve impulse propagation and protects axons. Methods: We followed up the somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) in triiodothyronine (T3)‐treated and untreated experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) Dark‐Agouti female rats during the electrical stimulation of the tail nerve. T3 treatment started on the 10th day post immunization (DPI) and a pulse administration was continued until the end of the study (33 DPI). SEPs were recorded at baseline (8 DPI) and the day after each hormone/ vehicle administration. Results: T3 treatment was associated with better outcome of clinical and neurophysiological parameters. SEPs latencies of the two groups behaved differently, being briefer and closer to control values (=faster impulse propagation) in T3‐treated animals. The effect was evident on 24 DPI. In the same groups of animals, we also investigated axonal proteins, showing that T3 administration normalizes neurofilament immunoreactivity in the fasciculus gracilis and tau hyperphosphorylation in the lumbar spinal cord of EAE animals. No sign of plasma hyperthyroidism was found; moreover, the dysregulation of TH nuclear receptor expression observed in the spinal cord of EAE animals was corrected by T3 treatment. Conclusions: T3 supplementation results in myelin sheath protection, nerve conduction preservation and axon protection in this animal model of multiple sclerosis.
ISSN:	0305-1846 1365-2990