Effect of maternal dietary energy types on placenta nutrient transporter gene expressions and intrauterine fetal growth in rats

Abstract Objective The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of maternal dietary energy types on the mRNA expressions of the placental nutrient transporter and intrauterine fetal growth and to examine whether altered intrauterine fetal growth could be associated with different gen...

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Published in:Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) Los Angeles County, Calif.), 2012-10, Vol.28 (10), p.1037-1043
Main Authors: Lin, Yan, Ph.D, Zhuo, Yong, M.D, Fang, Zheng-feng, Ph.D, Che, Lian-qiang, Ph.D, Wu, De, Ph.D
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino Acid Transport Systems - genetics
Amino Acid Transport Systems - metabolism
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Biological Transport - drug effects
Biological Transport - genetics
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Diet
Diet, Fat-Restricted - adverse effects
Diet, High-Fat
Dietary Fats - pharmacology
Dietary Fiber - pharmacology
DNA
DNA Methylation
Energy Metabolism - genetics
Feeding. Feeding behavior
Female
Fetal Growth Retardation - etiology
Fetal Growth Retardation - genetics
Fetal Growth Retardation - metabolism
Fetal Weight - drug effects
Fetal Weight - genetics
Fetus
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Gene Expression - drug effects
Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental - drug effects
Glucose Transporter Type 1 - genetics
Glucose Transporter Type 1 - metabolism
Glucose Transporter Type 3 - genetics
Glucose Transporter Type 3 - metabolism
Insulin-Like Growth Factor II - genetics
Insulin-Like Growth Factor II - metabolism
Maternal dietary energy types
Metabolism
Placenta
Placenta - metabolism
Pregnancy
Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena - genetics
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
RNA, Long Noncoding - genetics
RNA, Long Noncoding - metabolism
RNA, Messenger - metabolism
Rodents
Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
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Summary:Abstract Objective The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of maternal dietary energy types on the mRNA expressions of the placental nutrient transporter and intrauterine fetal growth and to examine whether altered intrauterine fetal growth could be associated with different gene expressions relating to fetal energy metabolism and DNA methylation. Methods Seventy-two 3-mo-old rats were allocated to one of four groups: low fat/low fiber (L-L), low fat/high fiber, high fat/low fiber (H-L), or high fat/high fiber. Rats were fed the treatment diets 4 wk before mating and continued in pregnancy until sample collections were obtained on days 13.5 and 17.5 of pregnancy. Results The fetal weight in the L-L group was significantly lower than that in the H-L group ( P < 0.05). The placental nutrient transporter mRNA expressions of glucose transporter-3 (Slc2a3) and cationic amino acid transporter-1 (Slc7a1) in the L-L group with a decreased fetal weight were downregulated compared with that in the H-L group with an increased fetal weight. However, placental Slc2a1 and the system A amino acid transporter gene Slc38a4 mRNA expressions were adaptively upregulated by the L-L diet with a decreased fetal weight ( P < 0.05). For the placental imprinted gene Igf-2 and H19 expressions, lower Igf-2 and higher H19 expressions were associated with the decreased fetal growth in the L-L group compared with the H-L group with an increased fetal weight. Different fetal growth was associated with different DNA methyltransferase-1 and methyltransferase-3a expressions ( P > 0.05) and energy metabolism-related genes. Conclusion Collectively, these results demonstrated that intrauterine fetal growth could be affected by different energy intake types through placenta nutrient transporter gene expressions, and different fetal growths were associated with altered fetal genes related to DNA methylation and energy metabolism.
ISSN:0899-9007
1873-1244
DOI:10.1016/j.nut.2012.01.002