Encephalitozoonosis in pharmacologically immunosuppressed mice

[Display omitted] ► CD19+ B, CD3+ T, CD4+ T and CD8+ T cell in Cyclophosphamide-treated animals decreased significantly. ► Cyclosporin-immunosuppressed mice have a significant reduction of CD3+ T and CD4+ T lymphocytes. ► Cyclophosphamide-immunosuppressed mice have acute disseminated and fatal encep...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Experimental parasitology 2012-07, Vol.131 (3), p.339-343
Main Authors: Anete Lallo, Maria, Porta Miche Hirschfeld, Marisa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antigens, CD - immunology
antiparasitic agents
Brain - pathology
Cancer
CD3 antigen
CD4 antigen
CD4-positive T-lymphocytes
CD8 antigen
CD8-positive T-lymphocytes
Chemotherapy
Chronic infection
Cyclophosphamide
Cyclophosphamide - pharmacology
Cyclosporin
cyclosporine
Cyclosporine - pharmacology
Cyclosporins
drug therapy
Encephalitozoon cuniculi
Encephalitozoon cuniculi - immunology
Encephalitozoon cuniculi - physiology
Encephalitozoon cuniculi infection
Encephalitozoonosis
Encephalitozoonosis - immunology
Flow cytometry
Immunocompromised Host
immunocompromised population
Immunophenotyping
Immunosuppressed mice
Immunosuppressive agents
Immunosuppressive Agents - pharmacology
Immunosuppressive drugs
Intestines - pathology
Kidney - pathology
light microscopy
Liver - microbiology
Liver - pathology
Lung - pathology
Lymphocytes - immunology
Lymphocytes B
Lymphocytes T
Mice
Mice, Inbred BALB C
Opportunist infection
parasites
parasitology
Polymerase chain reaction
Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
Spleen - immunology
Spores
Spores, Fungal - immunology
Spores, Fungal - isolation & purification
Spores, Fungal - pathogenicity
toluidine
zoonoses
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Summary:[Display omitted] ► CD19+ B, CD3+ T, CD4+ T and CD8+ T cell in Cyclophosphamide-treated animals decreased significantly. ► Cyclosporin-immunosuppressed mice have a significant reduction of CD3+ T and CD4+ T lymphocytes. ► Cyclophosphamide-immunosuppressed mice have acute disseminated and fatal encephalitozoonosis. ► Ciclosporin treated mice had a milder, chronic non-lethal experimental infection. Encephalitozoon cuniculi is a parasite that has been identified as a cause of opportunistic infections in immunocompromised individuals. This study was performed to evaluate E. cuniculi infection in pharmacologically immunosuppressed mice. Mice were immunosuppressed with cyclophosphamide (100mg/kg twice a week, IP) or cyclosporin (10mg/kg daily, IP) and inoculated with 107E. cuniculi spores IP. The E. cuniculi spores were cultivated in MDCK cells. E. cuniculi identification was performed by light microscopy studies using Gram-Chromotrope, Hematoxylin–Eosin and Toluidine blue–fuchsin staining techniques, as well as by PCR at 15, 30 and 45days post-inoculation (DPI). Cyclophosphamide-immunosuppressed mice have greatly reduced amounts of CD8+, CD4+ and CD3+ T cells and CD19+ B cells. The cells from these mice were analyzed by FACS and showed acute disseminated and fatal encephalitozoonosis. Mice treated with ciclosporin, which is both antiparasitic and immunosuppressive, have a milder, chronic, non-lethal infection and showed a significant reduction only in CD3+ and CD4+ T cell numbers. Our results support the role of CD8+ T cells in controlling infection by E. cuniculi and show that preventive measures are essential for preventing this zoonosis in individuals undergoing chemotherapy for cancer or other immunosuppressive therapies.
ISSN:0014-4894
1090-2449
DOI:10.1016/j.exppara.2012.04.019