Challenges in multi-plex and mono-plex platforms for the discovery of inflammatory profiles in neurodegenerative diseases

Pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines are involved in disease onset and pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. It is likely that panels of multiple cytokines provide a good reflection of disease status and can be used as biological markers in body fluids. D...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Methods (San Diego, Calif.) Calif.), 2012-04, Vol.56 (4), p.508-513
Main Authors:	Malekzadeh, Arjan, de Groot, Vincent, Beckerman, Heleen, van Oosten, Bob W., Blankenstein, Marinus A., Teunissen, Charlotte
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Alzheimer’s disease Animals Cytokines Cytokines - blood Cytokines - cerebrospinal fluid Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Humans Inflammation Mediators - blood Inflammation Mediators - cerebrospinal fluid Limit of Detection Luminescent Measurements Microspheres Multi-plex Multiple sclerosis Neurodegeneration Neurodegenerative Diseases - blood Neurodegenerative Diseases - cerebrospinal fluid Neurodegenerative Diseases - diagnosis Parkinson’s disease Reproducibility of Results
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Summary:	Pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines are involved in disease onset and pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. It is likely that panels of multiple cytokines provide a good reflection of disease status and can be used as biological markers in body fluids. Different multi-plex platforms, Luminex-xMAP and Meso Scale Discovery, are able to detect multiple analytes in the same sample at the same time. In this literature based review, we offer an overview of the multi-plex platforms and compare them with the golden standard ELISA in their ability to accurately and sensitively detect cytokines in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood (serum/plasma). The detectability and levels of cytokines in multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease are promising but also show discrepancies between studies. The current immuno-assays lack sensitivity for detection of various cytokines that have low concentrations of cytokines in CSF and blood, and therefore technical improvements are needed. With such improvements the use of large panels of cytokines as inflammatory profiles may offer additional value in diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic response in neurodegenerative diseases.
ISSN:	1046-2023 1095-9130