Low prevalence of pulmonary involvement in children with inflammatory bowel disease

Summary Background Since extraintestinal sites of inflammation have been demonstrated in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), both entities are regarded as systemic disorders. There are only scarce data on the prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-associated...

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Published in:	Respiratory medicine 2012-07, Vol.106 (7), p.1048-1054
Main Authors:	Peradzyńska, Joanna, Krenke, Katarzyna, Lange, Joanna, Banaszkiewicz, Aleksandra, Łazowska-Przeorek, Izabela, Radzikowski, Andrzej, Kulus, Marek
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Adolescent Airway management Biological and medical sciences Bronchial Hyperreactivity - complications Bronchial Hyperreactivity - physiopathology Case-Control Studies Child Children & youth Colitis, Ulcerative - complications Colitis, Ulcerative - physiopathology Crohn Disease - complications Crohn Disease - physiopathology Crohn's disease Exhaled nitric oxide Female Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen Humans Inflammatory bowel disease Lung Diseases - complications Lung Diseases - physiopathology Lung function test Male Medical sciences Nitric oxide Nitric Oxide - analysis Nutrition research Other diseases. Semiology Pediatrics Pneumology Pulmonary/Respiratory Respiratory Function Tests Respiratory system Standard deviation Statistical analysis Stomach. Duodenum. Small intestine. Colon. Rectum. Anus Studies Tomography Tomography, X-Ray Computed Ulcerative colitis Writing
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Summary:	Summary Background Since extraintestinal sites of inflammation have been demonstrated in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), both entities are regarded as systemic disorders. There are only scarce data on the prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-associated lung involvement in children. Objectives The aim of our study was to investigate pulmonary involvement in pediatric patients with IBD. Material and methods Fifty children with IBD (25 UC and 25 CD, mean age 14.2 ± 3.2 yrs) and 39 age-matched, healthy, control subjects were included in the study. Pulmonary function testing, methacholine bronchial challenge, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) were used to detect functional and/or structural pulmonary involvement. Results There were no differences in spirometric parameters, lung volumes or lung diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide between IBD patients and control subjects. Highly significant differences were found in FeNO between CD, UC and control patients (mean 9.3 ± 3.3, 27.7 ± 14.8 and 16.6 ± 9.28, respectively; p = 0.000). Bronchial hyperresponsiveness was diagnosed in six IBD cases (14.6%). HRCT (performed in 32 patients from the study group) revealed mild bilateral bronchiectasis in one patient. Conclusions The prevalence of pulmonary involvement in children with IBD is low. Screening for pulmonary involvement in children and young adults with IBD may enable early detection of IBD-related pulmonary diseases which, seems to be notably more common in adult patients. Elevated FeNO could probably be regarded as a marker of airway involvement in non-smoking UC pediatric patients. This requires further studies.
ISSN:	0954-6111 1532-3064