Antiatherogenic effect of guava leaf extracts inhibiting leucocyte-type 12-lipoxygenase activity

► Leucocyte-type 12-lipoxygenase is the key enzyme for LDL oxidation and atherogenesis. ► We found that guava leaf extracts inhibited the catalytic activity of this enzyme. ► LDL oxidation by the enzyme-expressing cells was also suppressed by the extracts. ► Oral administration of the extracts decre...

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Published in:Food chemistry 2012-04, Vol.131 (4), p.1069-1075
Main Authors: Kawakami, Yuki, Hosokawa, Tomoko, Morinaka, Tomoko, Irino, Shioka, Hirano, Shiori, Kobayashi, Hirokazu, Yoshioka, Akiko, Suzuki-Yamamoto, Toshiko, Yokoro, Miyuki, Kimoto, Masumi, Tsuji, Hideaki, Yamashita, Hiromi, Doi, Shinobu, Yutani, Chikao, Kato, Rina, Itabe, Hiroyuki, Kanada, Teruyuki, Hada, Takahiko, Takahashi, Yoshitaka
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aorta
Arachidonic acid
Atherosclerosis
Biological and medical sciences
Food industries
Fruit and vegetable industries
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
LDL oxidation
Leucocyte-type 12-lipoxygenase
Macrophages
Psidium guajava
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Summary:► Leucocyte-type 12-lipoxygenase is the key enzyme for LDL oxidation and atherogenesis. ► We found that guava leaf extracts inhibited the catalytic activity of this enzyme. ► LDL oxidation by the enzyme-expressing cells was also suppressed by the extracts. ► Oral administration of the extracts decreased atherosclerosis in apoE-knockout mice. ► The active components in the extracts were identified as ethyl gallate and quercetin. Oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein (LDL) is one of the critical steps for the development of atherosclerosis and leucocyte-type 12-lipoxygenase, highly expressed in macrophages, has been suggested to play an essential role in this process. In the present study, we show that guava leaf extracts inhibited, not only the leucocyte-type 12-lipoxygenase activity, but also LDL oxidation, mediated by the enzyme-overexpressing macrophage-like J774A.1 cells. Oral administration of guava leaf extracts to apoE-knockout mice at 100mg of dry extracts/kg of body weight, once a day for 16weeks, significantly reduced the area of atherogenic lesions developed in the aorta and aortic sinus. The major components inhibiting leucocyte-type 12-lipoxygenase contained in guava leaf extracts were identified as ethyl gallate and quercetin. The inhibitory effects of guava leaf extracts on the leucocyte-type 12-lipoxygenase activity, as well as on cell-mediated LDL oxidation, might be involved in the antiatherogenic effect of the extracts.
ISSN:0308-8146
1873-7072
DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.10.011