Transformer modeling for low- and mid-frequency transients - a review

One of the weakest components of modern transient simulation software is the transformer model. Many opportunities exist to improve the simulation of its complicated behaviors, which include magnetic saturation of the core, frequency-dependency, capacitive coupling, and topologically correctness of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on power delivery 2005-04, Vol.20 (2), p.1625-1632
Main Authors: Martinez, J.A., Mork, B.A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
Circuit faults
Coiling
Coils
Computer programs
Computer simulation
Direct current networks
Eddy currents
Electrical engineering. Electrical power engineering
Electrical power engineering
Exact sciences and technology
Ferroresonance
Foundations
Frequency dependence
hysteresis
Magnetic cores
Magnetic hysteresis
Magnetic saturation
Mathematical model
Power electronics, power supplies
Power networks and lines
Power system modeling
Power system transients
Representations
saturation
Saturation (magnetic)
simulation
Transformer cores
transformer modeling
Transformers
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Summary:One of the weakest components of modern transient simulation software is the transformer model. Many opportunities exist to improve the simulation of its complicated behaviors, which include magnetic saturation of the core, frequency-dependency, capacitive coupling, and topologically correctness of core and coil structure. This paper presents a review of transformer models for simulation of low- and mid-frequency transients. Salient points of key references are presented and discussed in order to give an accessible overview of development, implementation and limitations of the most useful models proposed to date. Techniques for representation of the most important behaviors are examined, with the intent of providing the needed foundation for continued development and improvement of transformer models.
ISSN:0885-8977
1937-4208
DOI:10.1109/TPWRD.2004.833884