Screening Instrument for Dysphagia in People with an Intellectual Disability (SD-ID): Quick and Reliable Screening by Caregivers

Background and Aim Timely diagnosis of dysphagia is important for people with an intellectual disability. Periodic screening of each individual by speech-language therapists is barely feasible with respect to limited resources. Therefore, preselection of individuals with an increased dysphagia risk...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of developmental and physical disabilities 2024-10, Vol.36 (5), p.821-841
Main Authors: van der Woude, T. S., Schüller-Korevaar, R. M., Ulgiati, A.M., Pavlis-Maldonado, G.J., Hovenkamp-Hermelink, J.H.M., Dekker, A.D.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Behavioral Science and Psychology
Caregivers
Child and School Psychology
Drinking behavior
Dysphagia
Eating behavior
Feasibility
Intellectual disabilities
Intellectual Disability
Interrater reliability
Learning disabled people
Medical diagnosis
Medical screening
Original Article
Pediatrics
Psychology
Public Health
Resistance (Psychology)
Risk factors
Screening Tests
Speech
Test-Retest reliability
Validity
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Summary:Background and Aim Timely diagnosis of dysphagia is important for people with an intellectual disability. Periodic screening of each individual by speech-language therapists is barely feasible with respect to limited resources. Therefore, preselection of individuals with an increased dysphagia risk through screening by caregivers is crucial. Objective This study aimed to develop the novel Screening instrument for Dysphagia for people with an Intellectual Disability (SD-ID). Methods The SD-ID was developed, validated and optimised in two rounds. Version 3, consisting of nine risk factors and 20 items concerning eating/drinking behaviour, was thoroughly studied for feasibility, concurrent validity and reliability, and then optimised. Outcomes and Results The SD-ID (version 3) was filled out in an average of four minutes (feasibility). A strong positive association was found between scores on SD-ID and Dysphagia Disorder Survey (concurrent validity). Test-retest and interrater reliability were very good. Two additional risk factors were added and two items removed to yield the final version 4. The most optimal cut-off score appeared to be either 4 or 5. Conclusions and Implications The SD-ID is a reliable instrument to screen for an increased risk of dysphagia in people with an intellectual disability. Ideally it is part of a cyclic work process: Screening with SD-ID (step 1), diagnostic work-up if necessary (step 2), recommendations (step 3), and evaluation (step 4).
ISSN:1056-263X
1573-3580
DOI:10.1007/s10882-023-09938-0