Diabetic Sarcopenia. A proposed muscle screening protocol in people with diabetes

ObjectivesTo propose the grounds for “diabetic sarcopenia” as a new comorbidity of diabetes, and to establish a muscle screening algorithm proposal to facilitate its diagnosis and staging in clinical practice. Method: A qualitative expert opinion study was carried out using the nominal technique. A...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders 2024-08, Vol.25 (4), p.651-661
Main Authors: de Luis Román, Daniel, Gómez, Juana Carretero, García-Almeida, José Manuel, Vallo, Fernando Garrachón, Rolo, German Guzmán, Gómez, Juan José López, Tarazona-Santabalbina, Francisco José, Sanz-Paris, Alejandro
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algorithms
Atrophy
Body mass index
Comorbidity
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent)
Diagnosis
Hemoglobin
Muscle strength
Patients
Quality of life
Sarcopenia
Sodium-glucose cotransporter
Citations: Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:ObjectivesTo propose the grounds for “diabetic sarcopenia” as a new comorbidity of diabetes, and to establish a muscle screening algorithm proposal to facilitate its diagnosis and staging in clinical practice. Method: A qualitative expert opinion study was carried out using the nominal technique. A literature search was performed with the terms “screening” or “diagnostic criteria” and “muscle loss” or “sarcopenia” and “diabetes” that was sent to a multidisciplinary group of 7 experts who, in a face-to-face meeting, discussed various aspects of the screening algorithm. Results: The hallmark of diabetic sarcopenia (DS) is muscle mass atrophy characteristic of people with diabetes mellitus (DM) in contrast to the histological and physiological normality of muscle mass. The target population to be screened was defined as patients with DM with a SARC-F questionnaire > 4, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1C) ≥ 8.0%, more than 5 years since onset of DM, taking sulfonylureas, glinides and sodium/glucose cotransporter inhibitors (SGLT2), as well as presence of chronic complications of diabetes or clinical suspicion of sarcopenia. Diagnosis was based on the presence of criteria of low muscle strength (probable sarcopenia) and low muscle mass (confirmed sarcopenia) using methods available in any clinical consultation room, such as dynamometry, the chair stand test, and Body Mass Index (BMI)-adjusted calf circumference. DS was classified into 4 stages: Stage I corresponds to sarcopenic patients with no other diabetes complication, and Stage II corresponds to patients with some type of involvement. Within Stage II are three sublevels (a, b and c). Stage IIa refers to individuals with sarcopenic diabetes and some diabetes-specific impairment, IIb to sarcopenia with functional impairment, and IIc to sarcopenia with diabetes complications and changes in function measured using standard tests Conclusion: Diabetic sarcopenia has a significant impact on function and quality of life in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and it is important to give it the same attention as all other traditionally described complications of T2DM. This document aims to establish the foundation for protocolising the screening and diagnosis of diabetic sarcopenia in a manner that is simple and accessible for all levels of healthcare.
ISSN:1389-9155
1573-2606
DOI:10.1007/s11154-023-09871-9