Dung beetle populations's morphology show evidence of isolation in southern Brazil islands

Insects in islands may undergo morphological variations related to the geographic isolation faced by their populations. This isolation on insular biota can vary according to the history and characteristics of the islands, as well as the dispersal ability of each species. We investigated the existenc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biotropica 2024-07, Vol.56 (4), p.n/a
Main Authors: Sousa, Eloisa Alves, Hernández, Malva Isabel Medina
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Archipelagoes
Beetles
biogeography
Biota
Body length
Body shape
Body size
Canthon rutilans cyanescens
coleoptera
Discriminant analysis
Dispersal
Dung
dung beetle
Geographical isolation
Insects
Islands
Morphology
Morphometry
Physical characteristics
Populations
Shape
Variance analysis
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Summary:Insects in islands may undergo morphological variations related to the geographic isolation faced by their populations. This isolation on insular biota can vary according to the history and characteristics of the islands, as well as the dispersal ability of each species. We investigated the existence of morphological variations in the populations of the Canthon rutilans cyanescens dung beetle from the southern Brazil islands and the nearby mainland. Dung beetles were sampled from December/2020 to April/2021 from five Islands in the Santa Catarina Archipelago and on the mainland through samplings with baited live traps. With geometric morphometry analyses and individuals from each population we compared the body size using an Analysis of Variance and body shape using a Discriminant Analysis with cross‐validation test, followed by a Canonical Variable Analysis to visualize the populations in morphometric space. We found a significant difference in the body length: the population of Ratones Grande Island has smaller individuals than the populations of the mainland, Dona Francisca Island, and Peri on Santa Catarina Island. We also observed that the body shape of the population of Campeche Island differs from the populations of Arvoredo Island and Dona Francisca Island, with a slightly oval body, a larger dorsal region, and a retracted abdomen. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the populations found on the islands may have remained there since their formation after the Last Glacial Maximum. The isolation and the absence of connectivity between the populations would explain why some islands have populations with distinct morphology. in Portuguese is available with online material. Resumo Os insetos em ilhas podem sofrer variações morfológicas relacionadas ao isolamento geográfico enfrentado por suas populações. Este isolamento pode variar de acordo com a história e características das ilhas, bem como com a capacidade de dispersão de cada espécie. Nós investigamos a existência de variações morfológicas nas populações do besouro rola‐bosta Canthon rutilans cyanescens em ilhas do sul do Brasil e do continente próximo. Os besouros foram amostrados de dezembro/2020 a abril/2021 em cinco ilhas do Arquipélago de Santa Catarina e no continente por meio de armadilhas iscadas para captura de insetos vivos. Comparamos os indivíduos de cada população por meio de análises de morfometria geométrica, onde testamos o tamanho do corpo através de uma Análise d
ISSN:0006-3606
1744-7429
DOI:10.1111/btp.13345